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Endocrine system (endocrine glands (anterior pituitary - in sella turcica…
Endocrine system
endocrine glands
anterior pituitary
- in sella turcica of sphenoid bone
prolactin
stimulate mammary glands
produce milk
Growth hormone
stimulate growth of epiphyseal plate
stimulate growth of cells
stimulate thyroid to release hormone
thyroid stimulating hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
stimulate adrenal cortex to release hormone
gonadotropins
stimulate gonads to release hormone
follicle stimulating hormone
luteinizing hormone
Thyroid gland
In anterior neck between the C5 and T1 vertebrae.
Thyroid hormone
Increase metabolic rate
Calcitonin
decrease osteoclast(in children)
parathyroid gland
in the neck behind the thyroid gland
parathyroid hormone
increase calcium
adrenal cortex
outer part of the adrenal gland
zona fasculata
glucocorticoid (stress hormone)
function
protein catabolism in liver/gluconeogenesis
zona reticularis
androgen
testosterone and estrogen
glucocorticoids
function
protein catabolism in liver/gluconeogenesis
zona glomerulosa
mineralocorticoids
function in kidney
sodium reabsorption
potassium and hydrogen excretion
adrenal medulla
inner part of an adrenal gland
epinephrine &norepinephrine
flight or fight response
pancreas
attached to duodenum & behind the stomach.
exocrine
digestive juice into ducts
endocrine(islet cells)
Beta
produce insulin
lower blood sugar
Alpha
produce glucagon
increase blood sugar
Thymus gland
neck above the heart
T lymphocytes
immunocompetent
Testes and ovaries
male gonads in scrotum
testosterone
male development
female ovaries
estrogen and progesterone.
female development
endocrine and nervous differences
nervous
endocrine
hormone
local synapse
characteristic
messenger molecule
neurotransimitters
action site
target cell type
time
duration
second to days
milliseconds
second to hours
milliseconds
various locations
all muscles and glands
nearby or far target cells
functions
general functions
control
regulates
coordinate
main function
ductless and secrete hormone into bloodstream
hypothalamus & pituitary
relationship
hypothalamus
role to
anterior
pituitary
(glandular tissue)
stimulate or inhibit release of hormones from anterior pituitary
hypothalamus and posterior pituitary
hypothalamus
manufacture some hormones
from cell body
axon
store hormone in axon terminals at posterior pituitary
posterior pituitary
stores hormones for later use
oxytocin
stimulate contraction of uterus
antidiuretic hormone/ vasopressin
kidney to conserve water