Simple Machines

Force multipliers

Machines and force

Wheels

Levers

A simple machine is a device that makes a job easier

Are designed to do the lifting job easier

The force you need to apply to get a job done is called the effort

Machines used in this was magnify the force you apply to a job. These machines are known as force multipliers

Lifting a car to change a tyre would require a huge effort.

This would be impossible but simple machines (Jack) with a fulcrum can make this so much easier

Most levers are force multipliers e.g. a crowbar

A lever is a simple machine that is a made of a long. rigid object, such as a stick or metal rod

if you used your fingers to lift up a screw in a plank of wood it would require such high force but the end of a hammer or crowbar are force multipliers making this easier

a wheel on its axle is a special type of lever

the centre of a wheel is called its axle and the outside of a wheel is its rim.

when you apple a force to turn on a tap, the handle acts as a wheel

Gears

Gears can be joined by a chain or mesh together

if the driven gear is smaller than the driver gear then you get a force multiplier

Gears are wheels that have teeth around their rim

the gear combination is called gearing down and is useful when you need more force