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Ch. 6 - Building Vocabulary (Gunning) (7 Principles for Developing Vocab.,…
Ch. 6 - Building Vocabulary (Gunning)
Learning Words
words are learned graduallly
more known words = more easily new words learned
4000 words = 90% of words in most texts
Tier I II II - select words to teach at Tier II (learned through reading or classroom discussions)
ineffective to just present a weekly 'vocab' list
400 words can be taught per year - HOW?..activities..
semantic feature analysis
pictorial maps/webs
venn diagram
dramatization, memorable events, word continuums, learn word histories
ways to enjoy words: create crossword puzzles, word of the day, labeling "parts of", riddles, sesquipedalian (long+interesting) words
predict vocab. through predict-o-gram (fiction) or possible sentences (informational) or story impressions activities
word sorts - open or closed
vss - vocab. self-collection strategy - as students read they look for a word to select as their word for self study and sharing with class
internet resources: Tex Talk, rewordify.com, Discovery Ed. crossword maker
wide reading is the most effective way to increase vocabulary
7 Principles for Developing Vocab.
Build experiential background
Relate to Background (e.g.they explain what the word means)
Relate words to each other
Develop depth of meaning
5.Present lots of exposures
Create interest in words
Foster independent word-learning skills
Learning How to Learn Words
morphemic analysis
e.g. teach -un-believ-able
prefix, suffixes and roots
contextual analysis
Teaching Special Features
homophones: cheep, cheap
homograph: palm (tree, part of hand)
figurative language
multiple meanings
explore connotations/denotations
BALANCED COMBINATION
of PLANNED and INCIDENTAL Approaches Needed.
Vocabulary Gap
= greatest disparity in achievers and non-achievers in US schools!