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2.5 HARDWARE (Input devices (Any hardware component that allows user to…
2.5 HARDWARE
Hardware - Electric, electronic, and mechanical components contained in a computer
Software - Series of instructions that tells a computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them
System Unit(Chassis)
Definition :
A case that contains and protects the motherboard, hard drive, memory and electronic components
Motherboard
Motherboard is a main circuit board of the system unit, which has some electronic components attached to it and others built into it
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Components
Processor slot - A slot on the motherboard that houses a CPU and forms the electrical interface with the CPU
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Expansion slots
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PCI slot - To connect devices such as network cards, sound cards, modems, extra ports such as USB or serialTV tuner cards and disk controllers
AGP slot - Specifically designed for graphics adapters
Processor / CPU
Definition :An electronic component on a computer’s motherboard that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer.
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Control Unit - Directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer
Arithmetic and Logic Unit - Performs arithmetic and logical operations
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Memory
Definition :Consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions and the results of processing the data (information)
Function :To store data and instructions waiting to be executed, data needed by those instructions and the results of processing the data (information).
Types
Volatile
-Loses its content when the computer’s power is turned off or interrupted
-Hold data or instruction temporarily
Nonvolatile
-Store data and instruction permanently
-Does not lose its content when the computer’s power is turned off or interrupted
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Input devices
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Keyboard - Contains keys user press to enter data and instructions into a computer
- Ergonomics
- Wireless
- PDA
- Virtual
Pointing device - Allow user to select objects on the screen
- Mouse ( Mechanical , Optical , Laser , Air , Wireless)
- Trackball
- Touchpad
- Pointing stick
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Scanner - Capture data from a source document , which is the original form of data
- Flatbed
- Pen
- Sheet-fed
- Drum
Scanners/Reading device - use a light source to read characters,marks and codes then converts them into digital data that a computer can process
- OMR readers
- bar code readers
- Radio Frequency Identification
- Magnetic Stripe Card Reader
- Magnetic Ink Character Recognition Reader
Pen Input - input by touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat surface to write , draw or make selections
Game Controller - directs movements/actions of on-screen objects
- games pads
- light guns
- dance pad
- joystick
Voice input - by speaking into microphone
Audio input - any sound entered into computer such as speech , music and sound effects ( electrical musical instruments)
Video input - process of capturing full-motion images and storing them to a computer mobile devices' storage medium
- WebCam
- Digital Video Camera
- Drone
Biometric Input - translates a personal characteristic(input) into a digital code that is compared with a digital code stored in computer
- fingerprint reader
- face recognition system
- hand geometry system
- voice verification system
- iris recognition system