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Year 9 - Task 3 (What is Meningococcal? (Two main forms (Septecaemia…
Year 9 - Task 3
What is Meningococcal?
Bacterial Infection transmitted through mucus
Two main forms
Meningitis
Inflammation on the brain and spinal cord
Can result in permanent disability; deafness, brain injury or death
Symptoms: severe headache, fever, fatigue, stiff or painful neck, sensitivity to light or convulsions
Septecaemia
Infection in the blood
damages blood vessels and can cause bleed into the skin (distinctive rash)
Can lead to death within hours or permanent disabilities
such as amputation of the fingers, toes, arms or legs due to lack of blood circulation
Symptoms: fever, fatigue, vomiting, cold hands and feet,
cold shivers, severe aches or pain in the muscles, joints, chest or
abdomen, rapid breathing, diarrhoea
Meningococcal bacteria - naturally in the back of the
nose and throat in about 10 per cent of the population
without causing illness
How can society reduce the impacts of Meningococcal disease?
Herd Immunity
Vaccine available through free National Immunisation Program
Diagnose early and treatment
Education programs
How does the body respond to Meningococcal?
Signs and Symptoms
Babies and young children:
• fever
• refusing to feed
• irritability, fretfulness
• grunting or moaning
• extreme tiredness or floppiness
• dislike of being handled
• nausea or vomiting
• diarrhoea
• turning away from light (photophobia)
• drowsiness
• convulsions (fits) or twitching
• rash of red or purple pinprick spots or larger bruises
Older children and adults:
• fever
• headache
• loss of appetite
• neck stiffness
• discomfort when looking at bright lights (photophobia)
• nausea and/or vomiting
• diarrhoea
• aching or sore muscles
• painful or swollen joints
• difficulty walking
• general malaise
• moaning, unintelligible speech
• drowsiness
• confusion
• collapse
• rash of red or purple pinprick spots or larger bruises
Response to infectious disease:
• Immune Response
• Produces antibodies against the pathogen
Society Impacts
Benefits of Vaccine
Protects vulnerable groups
Reduces incidence and spread of disease
Reduces Impacts of disease on society
Risks of low vaccination rates
Easy spread of disease
Human Contact
Travel
Put vulnerable groups at risk
Babies / toddlers (6 months - 2 years)
Pregnant women
Elderly
People who are immunocompromised
Common carriers: young adults / early teens, men, smokers
Higher rates of disease contraction / effects
Strain on Health system and resources