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POLITICAL LIBERALISM (INTRODUCTION: (COMMUNITARIAN VIEW: (JUSTICE IS…
POLITICAL LIBERALISM
INTRODUCTION:
RAWLS GAVE THIS CONCEPT :
IN RESPONSE TO COMMUNITARIAN CRITIQUE
COMMUNITARIAN VIEW:
JUSTICE IS PARTICULARIST: NOT INDEPENDENT OF CULTURE AND TRADITION
WHAT RAWLS TACKLED IN THIS BOOK(POLITICAL LIBERALISM):
RAWLS HELD THAT: IN LIBERAL SOCIETIES
PEOPLE HAVE
FREEDOM OF SPPECH AND EXPRESSION
:heavy_plus_sign:
FREEDOM OF RELIGION
HENCE IT IS NATURAL THAT PEOPLE WILL HAVE DIFFERENT COMPREHENSIVE DOCTRINES: SO THERE EXIST
REASONABLE PLURALISM
SO CHALLENGE IS ENSURE STABILITY IN LIBERAL DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
THIS RESONABLE PLURALISM WILL BE DEALT BY
DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL CULTURE
FEATURES OF THIS D.P.C
1: VALUE OF EQUAL CITIZENSHIP
2: PEOPLE ARE WILLING TO OFFER FAIR TERM TO EACH OTHER
THERE EXISTS A
OVERLAPPING CENSENSUS
THIS OVERLAPPING CONSENSUS IS NOT A MODUS VIVENDI(BARGAIN GUIDED BY SELF INTEREST)
OVERLAPPING CENSENSUS IS BASED ON MORAL CONVICTION OF FAIRNESS
WHAT IS OVERLAPPING CONCENSUS:?
REASONABLE AND MORAL PEOPLE LIVING IN DEMOCRATIC , POLITICAL, CULTURE
ARE WILLING TO DEVELOP A
POLITICAL CONCEPTION OF JUSTICE
WHAT IS POLITICAL CONCEPTION OF JUSTICE
ACC. TO RAWLS
PCJ IS A FREE STANDING IDEA
(NOT BASED ON ANY PARTICULAR COMPREHENSIVE DOCTRINE)
THERE BY RAWLS MODIFIED EARLIER VERSION THAT HIS VIEW OF JUSTICE AS UNIVERSAL
IT MEANS THAT PEOPLE BELIEVE THAT BEST WAY TO RESOLVE CONFLICTUAL ISSUE IS THROUGH RIGHT PROCEDURE:
WHICH INCLUDE DELIBRATIONS IN LEGISLATURE
AND ACCESS TO JUDICIAL SYSTEMS
THUS RAWLS USES LIBERALISM TO POLITICAL SPHERE
BUT NOT USING LIBERALISM AS A COMPREHENSIVE DOCTRINE BUT ONLY TO POLITICAL DIMENSION
SO POLITICAL LIBERALISM IS A CHARACTERSTIC OF SOCIETIES WITH DEMOCRATIC CULTURE
RAWLS IN 3RD BOOK : LAWS OF THE PEOPLE
ADDRESS THE QUESTION RAISED BY COSMOPOLITAN SCHOLARS LIKE THOMAS POGGY AND CHARLES BEITZ
SINCE PEOPLE IN GLOBAL SOUTH ARE SUFFERING BECOZ OF UNJUST POLICIES AND INS. OF GLOBAL NORTH
SINCE WE ARE LIVING IN A GLOBAL WORLD....
SO SHOULD THE DIFFRENCE PRINCIPLEBE APPLIED B/W SOCIETIES
RAWLS REJECTS THAT DIFFRENCE PRINCIPLE APPILED B/W SOCIETIES(ALSO CAN BE USED IN SOCIAL MARXIST CRITISM OF RAWLS)
HOWEVER RAWLS SUGGEST CERTAIN NORMS TO BE FOLLOWED BY LIBERAL COUNTRIES
RESPECT THE SOVERIGNITY
NON- INTERFTRENCE IN DOMESTIC AFFAIRS
OBSERVING TREATIES
OBSERVING COURT OF CONDUCT WITH PRISONERS OF WAR
HELPING ON TIME SOF CALAMITY
AMARTYA SEN: IDEA OF JUSTICE:
SEN BOTH APPRECIATES AND DISAGREES WITH RAWLS:
APPRECIATES:
AS RAWLS MAKES CRITICISM OF UTILITARIANISM
RAWLS MAKES FAIRNESS AS BASIS OF JUSTICE
DISAGREES:
DOESN'T SUPPORT NECESSCITY OF UNIVERSAL IDEA OF JUSTICE(STORY OF 3 CHILDREN)
SEN ALSO DON'T BELIEVE THAT JUSTICE AS A PRODUCT OF PROCEDURE(CRTIC OF LEXICAL ORDER)
ACC. TO AMARTYA NYAYA IS SUPERIOR TO NEETI
SEN INSPIRED FROM BUDDHA WHO SOUGHT OT ELIMINATE HUMAN SUFFERING
SEN PROPSES SOCIAL CHOICE RATHER THAN RATIONA CHOICE
RATIONAL CHOICE IS BASED ON ABSTRACT IDEA MAKING ADECISION IN A IDEALISED CONDITION
SOCIAL CHOICE IS REAL PERSON MAING CHOICE IN REAL SITUATION
AMARTYA SEN CALLS HIS THEORY AS COMPARITIVE
COMAPRITIVE DOESN'T MEAN ACHEIVING PERFECTLY JUST SOCIETY BUT SOCIETY S JUST AS POSSIBLE