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Chap 1 (The Nature of Theory)P1 3 steps & 3 types of Inquiry + 5…
Chap 1 (The Nature of Theory)P1 3 steps & 3 types of Inquiry + 5 definitions of theory
a) Inquiry（调查）*
Starting point of understanding something (A search of information 探讨）
b) 3 Steps of Inquiry (No need to occur in a linear process)
3)Constructing Answers / a theory
Making judgments & interpretations.
3 methods:
2)Describe
3)Explain
1)Define
1)Asking questions
Definitions (concepts, perspectives看法)
Facts (properties in relationships, how to relate to other things.)
Value (Effectiveness, pragmatic qualities 实际 , ethical qualities 伦理的, good/ bad)
2)Observation
Investigate and look for answers to the questions.
3 methods:
2) Experimentation.
3) Interviewing people.
1)Examining the records.
c)3 Different type of Inquiry(调查）:
2) Humanistic Scholarship
Interested in individual cases than generalized theory. (How this person make decision in this issue.)
Science and humanities never come together.
Seeks creative interpretation, understanding individual subjective response.
Associated with subjectivity (主观） to change.
Qualitative （性质）
3) Social Scientific Scholarship
Social scientist use "Scientific Scholarship approach" to establish objective observation.
Enquirer(调查）in area of "
Communication(PR)
"
To observe patterns of behavior by using human being as subjects of study.
Involves understanding how do people behave in creating, exchanging & interpreting messages.
A combination of both "Scientific" and " Humanistic".
Makes use of methods from scientific & humanistic.
1) Scientific Scholarship
Goal of science = To observe & explain as accurately as possible.
What is prove by the study cannot be alter.
Standardization (标准）= Important because scientist assume the world sits in wait of discovery.
No personal judgement because results will be the same.
More towards calculation, measurement, objectivity.
Quantitative （数量）
d) 5 Definitions of Theory
1) A system to believe, explanation to understand.
2) Abstractions（抽象概念）/ concepts（想法）/ ideas that focus on things like (relationship, patterns, variables.)
3) Offers one way to capture an aspect of a phenomenon. (Can have different way to view it).
4) Reveal the way we think.
5) Guide us the way we act/ practice.