Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
3d BLOCK ELEMENTS (PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (density high (low atomic volume) (…
3d BLOCK ELEMENTS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
density high (low atomic volume)
:!: :arrow_up: Cu > Ni = Co :arrow_down: Sc < Ti
electrical conductivity d > s
:!::arrow_up: Ag > Cu :arrow_down: Mn
all metals
conduct electricity (in metallic lattices :black_medium_square:)
:small_red_triangle: ionization energy not gradual
:!: :arrow_up: Zn :arrow_down: Sc
:small_red_triangle: radius not gradual
:!: :arrow_up: Sc :arrow_down: Ni
density high (low atomic volume)
:!: :arrow_up: Cu > Ni = Co :arrow_down: Sc < Ti
boiling point high
:!: :arrow_up: V > Ti :arrow_down: Zn < Mn
melting point high
:!: :arrow_up: V > Cr :arrow_down: Zn < Mn
hardness d > s
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
variable oxidation states
catalyst (can come to one state and move back to initial
reactivity :explode: d < s
form complexes
:heavy_plus_sign: electropositivity
:heavy_plus_sign: empty orbitals
:arrow_up: oxidation states/ numbers: Mn
stability
aqueous: Cu2+ > Cu+
forms stable aqua complex: [Cu (H2O)6 ]2+ :blue_heart:
liquid/ gas: Cu+ > Cu2+
some form amphoteric oxides [V/ Cr/ Mn]
positive oxidation state :arrow_up: oxide acidity :arrow_up:
NON TRANSITION
elements
Zn :star:3d10 4s2
Sc :star:3d1 4s2
don't form at least one cation containing incompletely filled d orbitals
d0 / d10
no multiple valencies
no multiple cations
colourless complexes (due to completely filled d orbitals)
TRANSITION
all except Zn and Sc
at least one cation has an incompletely filled d orbital
d1/ d2/ d3/ d4/ d5/ d6/ d7/ d8/ d9
multiple valencies
multiple cations
coloured complexes (due to incomplete d orbitals)