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Motivation (THEORY X AND THEORY Y (In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor proposed…
Motivation
THEORY X AND THEORY Y
In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor proposed two theories related to employee motivation and management. His theories divided employees into two categories. Theory X employees avoid work and dislike responsibilit
HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Maslow´s Hierarchy of Needs contains five levels that often shape motivation styles in an organization. To motivate employees, an organization must move up the pyramid of needs to ensure all of an employee´s needs are met
HAWTHORNE EFFECT
Through a series of experiments in the late 1920s, Elton Mayo developed the Hawthorne Effect. This effect theorizes that employees are more productive when
they know their work is being measured
and studied. In addition to this conclusion, Mayo realized that employees were more productive when provided with feedback related to the studies and allowed to provide input into the work process. Workers need recognition for a job well done and reassurance that their opinion matters in the workplace to be motivated to perform.
EQUITY THEORY
John Stacey Adams Equity Theory argues that employees are motivated when they perceived their treatment in the work place to be fair and unmotivated when treatment is perceived to be unfair. In an organization, this involves providing employees with recognition for the work they are doing and giving all employees the chance to advance or
earn bonuses and other awards. Managers who play favorites or single out employees for recognition may face a largely unmotivated group of employees.
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As a planned managerial process, which stimulates people to work to the best of their capabilities, by providing them with motives, which are based on their unfulfilled needs.
1.Motivation is a personal and internal feeling: Motivation is a psychological phenomenon which generate within an individual
2.Motivation is need based: if there are no needs of an individual, the process of motivation fails. It is a behavioral concept that directs human behavior towards certain goals.
3.Motivation is a continuous process: because human wants are unlimited, therefore motivation is an ongoing process.
4.Motivation may be positive or negative: a positive motivation promotes incentives o people while a negative motivation threatens the enforcement of disincentives.
5.Motivation is a planned process: people differ in their approach, to respond to the process of motivation; as no two individuals could be motivated in an exactly similar mannner