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POLC (Planning (What (Defining the organisation’s goals
– Establishing an…
POLC
Planning
What
Defining the organisation’s goals
– Establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals
– Developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities
– Concerned with both ends (goals) as well as means (strategy)
Why
Provides direction
– Reduces uncertainty
– Minimises waste and redundancy
– Establishes goals and standards used for controlling
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Organising
what is organising?
- Arranging and structuring work to
accomplish the organisation’s goals
- The process of creating an organisation’s
structure - the formal arrangement of jobs
within an organisation
Elements of organising
Work specialisation
- Dividing work activities into specific job tasks
Departmentalisation
- Grouping of jobs by function, location, product, process,
customer
- Chain of Command
Authority, responsibility, unity of command
- Span of Control
Number of subordinates a manager can manage efficiently
and effectively
- Centralisation/de-centralisation
Degree to which decision making is controlled by a few vs.
delegated to many
- Formalisation
The degree to which jobs within an organisation are
standardised and the extent to which employee behaviour
is guided by rules & procedures
TYPES
MECHANISTIC
- High specialisation
- Rigid departmentalisation
ORGANIC
- Free flow of information
- Wide spans of control
Controlling
What is controlling
The process of monitoring, comparing andcorrecting work performance
Why control
It is the final link of the four functions of management
Employee empowerment
Protects the organisation and its assets
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Leading
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Leadership theories
Trait theories
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‘Traits’ differentiate leaders from non-leaders: drive, desire to lead, honesty and integrity, self confidence, intelligence etc.
Behavioural theories
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Leaders are not born, but trained
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