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NERVE PHISIOLOGY (NERVE CELS (NEUROGLIA (:fire: OLIGODENDROCYTES (Provide…

- - - - :star: MULTIPOLAR
        
        INTER NEURON
        
        MOTOR NEURON
      - :star: MYLINATED
      - :star: BIPOLAR
        
        SPECIAL SENSES
      - :star: UNMYLINATED
      - :star: UNIPOLAR
        
        SENSORY NEURON
    - - CELL BODY
        
        Has typical cell structure
      - AXON
        
        Connects cell body to axon terminals (with synaptic vesicles inside); carries impulses away from cell body to axon terminal
      - DENDRITES
        
        Receiving portion (impulses from other neuron) are seen as projection off of cell body
      - SCHWANN CELL
        
        Type of neuroglia (ONLY FOUND IN PNS)
    - - :check: HIGH METABOLIC RATE - chemicals relation are happening very quickly
      - :check: EXCITABLE - sensitive to changes in environment and pH is relevant
      - :check: AMNIOTIC - do not divided ; won,t be replaced
      - :check: CONDUCTIVITY - transmit impulses from one nerve to another
      - :check: EXTREME LONGEVITY - lives a long time
  - - - Provide a strutural framework within the CNS by stabilizing the positions of axons.
      - Produce myelin
    - - FORM MYELIN SHEATH
        
        All Schwann cells together form myelin
        
        Myelinated axon - white matter
        
        Unmyelinated axon - grey matter
        
        Node of Ranvier - important when transmitting & conducting impulses along the axon
        
        Made up of phospholipids (fat) - protein and cholesterol
      - ONLY CELL OF PNS
    - - Migrate into CNS as the nervous system forms and they persist as mobile cells,continuously moving through the neural tissue, removing cellular debris, wastes, and pathogens by phagocytosis.
    - - Assist in producing, monitoring and circulating Cerebrospinal fluid.
      - 3 types of ependymal cells
        :check: EPENDYMOCYTES
        :check: TANYCYTES
        :check: SPECIALIZED CSF - producing ependymal cells
    - - Maintain the blood brain barrier in CNS
- - - - NODES OF RANVIER
        
        SALTATORY CONDUCTION
        
        140m/s
        
        AP JUMPS FROM NODE TO NODE
  - - - +30mV - PEAK
      - VOLTAGE GATED K CHANNELS OPEN (REPOLARISATION)
      - Na/K PUMP ( ACTIVE TRANSPORT )
      - VOLTAGE GATED Na CHANNELS CLOSE
      - -80mV - K EFLUX OVERSHOOT HYPERPOLARISATION)
      - RAPID Na INFLUX ( DEPOLARISATION )
      - VOLTAGE GATED Na CHANNELS
      - -55mV - THRESHOLD
      - STIMULUS DEPENDENT Na CHANNELS
      - -70mV - RESTING (POLARISED)
      - REFRACTORY PERIOD (TIME THAT NO AP CAN BE STARTED)