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Respiratory System (Micro) (conducting zone (large bronchus (secondary…
Respiratory System (Micro)
conducting zone
large bronchus
secondary bronchus
tertiary bronchus
primary bronchus
layers are similar to the trachea
isolated plates of hyaline cartilage
abundance of glands
smooth muscles nundles and elastic fivers are more prominent in smaller bronchi
lymphoid nodules (MALT) = mucosa assocaited lymphoid tissue
epithelium:
ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar
bronchioles
epithelium:
ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar
NO CARTILAGE
fewer glands
more smooth muscle cells than in the bronchi
more elastic fibers
terminal bronchioles
clara cells ("club" cells)
detoxify substances
stem cells that regenerate epithelial cells
non-ciliated and
dome shaped
location:
mucosa
secrete a surfactant-like substance
smooth muscle
NO CARTILAGE
elstic fibers
epithelium:
ciliated cubodial
trachea
submucosa
glands
lymphoid tissue (lymphocytes = protection)
mucosa
epithelium:
ciliated pseudostratified columnar
glands
hyaline cartilage
trachealis muscle (smooth) bridges the end of the horseshoe ring of cartilage
adventitia
layer of connective tissue (tunica externa) that binds the trachea to the adjacent structures in the neck
respiratory zone
alveolar ducts
epithelium:
simple squamous
NO CILIA
alveolar sacs
NO CILIA
epithelium:
simple squamous
respiratory bronchioles
very similar to the terminal bronchiole except for the presence of numerous alveoli along its length
epithelium:
ciliated cubodial
alveolar ducts branch off from these and lead to alveolar sacs
alveolus (singular avleoli)
pulmonary vasculature
pulmonary arterioles (away from heart)
O2 POOR
closer to the airway
pulmonary venules (toward heart)
O2 RICH
more in the parenchyma of the lungs away from the airway