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Foundations of Travel Behaviour (Understanding Tourist Motivations - …
Foundations of Travel Behaviour
Understanding Tourist Motivations -
Understanding tourist or travel behaviour, answering the question of why people travel
Push & Pull Motivations
Pushed
Personality traits
Individual needs and wants
Pulled
By appealing attributes of travel destinations
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological
Safety
Belongingness
Esteem
Self-actualisation
Plog’s Psychocentric-Allocentric Model
Psychocentric: Seeks comfort in familiar surroundings in their tourism experiences
Tradition-bound travelers who prefer traditionally popular locations and experiencing commonplace activities
Desire predictability in their travel needs
Preferred familiar travel destinations
Prefer relaxing sun-and-fun spots
Prefer low activity levels
Prefer popular tourist accommodations
Prefer purchasing complete tour packages
Allocentrics: Seeks adventure through travel
Innovators who seek out new locations and activities
Prefer non-touristy destinations
Prefer unusual destinations
Prefer high activity levels
Prefer services such as adequate to good accommodations
Prefer tour arrangements that include basics only
Midcentrics: Travellers who fall between these 2 extremes
Tourist Typologies
Non-Institutionalized Tourism
The Explorer
Organized independently
Get off the beaten track
Seeks comfortable accommodation and reliable transport should it is tough
Environmental bubble is abandoned on occasion
Medium to high degree of novelty
The Drifter
Avoids contact with tourist and tourist establishment
Attempts to get as far from home and familiarity as possible
No fixed itinerary
Lives with locals, work within community and immerse oneself in the local culture
Very high degree of “novelty”
Institutionalized Tourism
The Organised Mass Tourist
Low on adventurousness
Still maintains the environmental bubble on the trip
Typically purchases a ready-made package tour off-the-shelf
Guided through the destination
Having little contact with local culture/people
Very high degree of “familiarity”
The Individual Mass Tourist
More flexibility and scope for personal choice is built in
Organized by the tourism industry
Environmental bubble still shields tourist from the real experience in the destination
Medium to high degree of “familiarity”