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FLOODS BITCHESSSSSSSSSS (Causes of Floods (Rainfall (Refers to the…
FLOODS BITCHESSSSSSSSSS
Types of floods
Coastal Floods
- Occur in areas along the coast
- Low-lying coastal areas are especially prone
Causes:
- intense storms (tropical storms, tropical cyclones)
- strong winds generate floods
- can also be caused by tsunamis
River floods
- Occur in rivers
- Floodplains which consist of the river and the low-lying land on either side of it
Causes:
- Snowmelt
- heavy rainfall
- dam failure
Flash Floods
- Takes place suddenly and lasts for a short period of time
- recognisable by the quick rise in water level
Causes:
- Coastal floods and river floods
- heavy rainfall
Causes of Floods
Rainfall
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Causes:
- Condensation of atmospheric water vapour leads to the formation of water droplets
- Clouds are formed and water droplets fall as rain if they become too heavy
Rainfall Intensity:
- refers to the rate at which the rain falls
- Measured in millimetres per hour
Rainfall duration:
- Refers to the duration of the rain event
Rainfall frequency:
- the probability of occurrence of a certain amount of rain falling within a certain period of time
Types of rainfall:
- Drizzle
- Shower
- Thunderstorm
- Tropical Storm
- Tropical Cyclones (typhoons and hurricanes)
Snowmelt
Refers to the surface runoff that results from the melting snow, increases the amount of water in the river and causes it to overflow its bank and flood the surrounding area
Causes:
- Change in seasons (winter to spring) in temperate countries
- Temperature increase
- Volcanic eruptions
Stormsurge
Refers to a sudden rise of sea level in which water is piled up against a coastline beyond normal high-tide conditions
Causes:
- Strong winds during a storm that push water towards the coast and creates huge waves
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