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Nervous System Intro (Communication (Receptor (G protein-coupled…
Nervous System Intro
Communication
Receptor
Channel-linked (direct)
G protein-coupled (indirect)
Diacylglycerol
cAMP
Calcium
Synapse
Electrical
Chemical
Neurotransmitter
Excitatory
CNS
Parasympathetic
ACh?
Sympathetic
NE?
PNS
ACh
Inhibitory
CNS
Parasympathetic
ACh?
Sympathetic
NE?
Tissue activities
Action potential
Voltage gated
All or none
Depolarization only
Steps
Na inactivate gate closes, K+ open +30mV
Repolarization
Depolarization
Na threshold -60mV
Resting potential -70 mV
Refractory: Some Na inactivation gates open -40mV
Brief hyperpolarization
Na/K pump restores gradients
One directional
Propagation
Axon types
Unmyelinated
Type C
Myelinated
Type A
Type B
Modes
Continuous (unmyelinated)
Saltatory (myelinated)
Graded potential
Dose dependent
Depolarization
Ca++
Na+
Chemically-gated
Hyperpolarization
Cl-
K+
Bidirectional
Cells
Neuroglia
CNS
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
PNS
Schwann cells
Satellite cells
Neuron
Cell body
Nuclei (CNS)
Ganglia (PNS)
Processes
Axon
Dendrites
Organization
CNS
Brain
Spinal cord
PNS
Motor
Somatic
Autonomic
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
Sensory