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components of the nervous system (functions (integration, motor output,…
components of the nervous system
divisions
CNS
brain + spinal cord
derive from neural tube (ectoderm)
PNS
nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord
derive from neural crest cells (ectoderm)
MOTOR
(efferent division)
autonomic
nervous system
parasympathetic
division
inhibitory
conserves energy
sympathetic
division
stimulatory
mobilizes the body systems during activity
consists of visceral motor nerve fibers
regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands (i.e. things you don't have conscious control over)
somatic
nervous system
voluntary movement
somatic motor nerve fibers conduct impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles
neurons have
heavily myelinated axons
use
acetylcholine
as neurotransmitter with a
stimulatory effect
SENSORY
(afferent) division
conducts impulses from the body to the CNS
"feel it"
functions
integration
motor output
sensory input
cells types
neurons
extreme longevity
amitotic
require a continuous supply of O2 and glucose
neuroglia
CNS
oligodendrocytes
astrocytes
microglia
ependymal cells
PNS
schwann cells
satellite cells