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HG2034 INTRODUCTION (What is Grammar (Constituents (phonology (how the…
HG2034 INTRODUCTION
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Grammatical Prototypes
prototype theory
syntax is also a barrier to rote learning - it is impossible to memorize all the rules when only the most regular rules are accounted for
concepts
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current prototype theory suggests that concepts are NOT clear cut categories to which members belong on an all-or none basis
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for a certain concept (e.g. bird ) there will be a prototype (e.g. animal with feathers that flies with wings)
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there also exists fuzzy edges with peripheral objects , which defer in some degree but are accepted as part of the class
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usually has a clearly defined centre, where prototypical cases exhibit ALL the characteristics associated with the prototypes
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Grammar versus Usage
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usage
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dominant social groups more or less unconsciously use language to mark themselves off from others,
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