Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Tudors unit 3: Change and reaction 1536-1547 (The state of the Church and…

- - - - Liked Acts such as the Ten Articles (1536)
      - This faction faced a particularly large defeat because Cromwell pushed Henry into remarrying, and then chose an unsuitable bride, and the annulment of Henry's marriage to Anne of Cleves led to criticism of the Reformists and the downfall of Cromwell
    - - Liked Acts such as the Six Articles (1539)
      - The failure of the Cleves marriage gave the Conservatives an opportunity, and Catherine Howard was installed as Henry's new wife, and Henry constantly gave her political favours. Unfortunately, Anne was tried for adultery and executed, with Norfolk and his followers disgraced
- - - - Not only was Henry unable to afford his military ambitions, he was also struggling to finance the extensive system of patronage. This was especially important because there were still Yorkist descendants among the nobility. The dissolutions were supported by the nobility, as they would be able to buy monastic land for at low prices
  - - - The leaders issued the Lincolnshire Articles to be presented to the representative of the King, the Duke of Suffolk, which included stopping the dissolutions, removing cattle tax, and criticised the bishops appointed by Henry, not the Pope. There was to be no negotiation, and the crowd was dispersed after twelve days of unrest
    - - The Pontefract Articles were more political than the Lincolnshire Articles, and demanded Mary be made legitimate, the end of heresies, the punishment of Cromwell, and the restoration of the Abbeys. The Duke of Norfolk was sent to disperse the rebels by Henry. Instead, he negotiated with them, and a truce would be called while Aske took their demands to Parliament, and a pardon was given to all those involved
        
        Henry did not keep his side of the bargain, granting none of the articles brought to Parliament. This created anger in Yorkshire and Sir Francis Bigod emerged as the new leader, questioning how far the Royal Supremacy might be accepted. He tried to seize Hull and Scarborough but failed, so he fled and was captured. The king was not lenient. There were 144 executions, including Aske, Bigod and Sir Thomas Percy, Lord Hussey and Lord Darcy. He also executed the negotiator in Doncaster, Thomas Miller
    - - Religious: The main issue in the Articles was religious, such as the destruction of heresies and the return of monasteries. The risings were also united behind religious symbolism (five wounds of Christ). Aske argued for the economic benefits of the monasteries, but the commons did not differentiate between the two types. Religion brought communities together, and for the commoners, this had to be protected
      - Social and economic: The commons of the North were affected in 1536 by poor harvests which led to food shortages. The thirteenth item on the Pontefract Articles spoke of ending Enclosure, of which there had already been riots in the North, as it restricted the commoners' access to land. Also discussed were the high prices of tenancy and the request for the repeal of the Statute of Uses
      - Political: Despite being accused of treason, none of the rebels believed that they had committed treason, because they believed that Henry had acted on the bad advice of his advisors (Thomas Cromwell and Richard Riche), making it their fault, not his. There was also the suggestion that an aristocratic faction linked with Catherine of Aragon was behind the rising
- - - - After this Bible was placed in parishes, Henry realised that this access made the laity debate the translations and meanings. He began to recognise that the only way to control the direction of religion was by restricting it to those who agreed with him, and had an interest in keeping him in power
  - - - Henry's own religious views can be seen through the trial of John Lambert in 1538, who was accused of denying transubstantiation. Henry questionned him himself, and then on the day of his execution he issued a proclamation upholding the importance of transubstantiation