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Meiosis (What is meiosis? (M-phase (made up of 2 cell divisions (meiosis I…

- - - - meiosis I
      - Each cell division can be subdivided into prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
      - meiosis II
- - - - the maternal and paternal chromosomes line up along the equator independently during metaphase
      - pair of sister chromatids which will separate just before the cell divides.
    - - maternal and paternal homologues are separated during the first cell division, the sister chromatids are separated during the second division
  - - - formation of bivalent
        
        1 replicated paternal chromosome
        
        1 replicated maternal chromosome
        
        each replicated chromosome = 2 sister chromatids linked by cohesion proteins
        
        homologous chromsomes are held together by chiasmata
        
        allow crossing over or recombination
        
        occurs during prohpase I
        
        formation of synaptonemal complex
        
        tight link
        
        5 phases
        
        1) leptotene
        
        1 more item...
        
        2) zygotene
        
        1 more item...
        
        3) pachytene
        
        2 more items...
        
        4) diplotene
        
        1 more item...
        
        5) diakinesis
        
        2 more items...
      - during metaphase
        
        kinetochore complexes on sister chromatids
        
        function as a single unit
        
        parental chromosomes are seperated during anaphase not the sister chromatids
        
        both sister chromatids point towards the same spindle pole
    - - kinetochore complexes on each sister chromatid
        
        behave independently
        
        are bound by microtubules from opposite spindle poles
        
        cleavage of cohesin rings causes movement of sister chromatids to opposite poles
- - - - reassorts genes on each individual chromosomes
- - - - maternal and paternal chromosome fail to segregate