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POLITICAL STRATEGIES OF INDIAN FREEDOM STRUGGLE-II (CDM: CIVIL…
POLITICAL STRATEGIES OF INDIAN FREEDOM STRUGGLE-II
CDM: CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE MOVEMENT
NATURE OF CDM:
NCM DIRECTED AGAINST ECONOMIC BASE :arrow_forward:
CDM WAS MORE A CHALLENGE TO AUTHORITY OF GOVT.
NCM WAS MILD: NON COOPERATING WITH GOVT. :arrow_forward:
CDM WAS MORE OFFENSIVE AS OPPOSITION TO LAW MADE BY GOVT.
GANDHI WAS INFLUENCED BY THOREAU
WHO DESCRIBED CDM AS PEACEFUL PROTEST AGAINST UNJUST LAWS BY CIVIL SOCETY
REASONS FOR LAUNCH OF CDM
7 YEARS HAVE BEEN PASSED SINCE A MASS MOVEMENT HAD HAPPENED.
THE POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT WAS SURCHARGED WITH ANTI BRITISH FEELING BECOZ OF SIMON COMMISSION, DEATH OF LAL LAJPAT RAI, ECONOMIC DEPRESSION
IN THIS SEANARIO GANDHI GIVES 11 POINTS PROGRAM
LIKE ABOLISHION OF SALT TAX
RELEASE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS
REDUCTION IN LAND REVENUE ETC
ANALYSIS OF STRAEGY:
MORE OFFENSIVE N STRAEGIC IN NATURE
IT PUT GOVT. IN DILEMMA
IF GOVT. USES FORCE AGAINST PEACEFUL PROTESTTORS: IT WILL EXPOLDE THE MYTH OF BENEVOLENT DESPOTISM
IF GOVT. DOESN'T USES ANY FORCE IT WAS DIRECT CHALLENGE TO GOVT.
ONCE GANDHI COMPLETED HIS MARCH SIMILAR MARCHES WERE HELD ALL ACROSS THE NATION
ULTIMATELY GOVT. HAD TO ARREST GANDHI :arrow_forward: WHICH LED TO MORE VIGOUROUS PROTESTS.. THAN GOVT. HAD TO RELEASE GANDHI
THIS LEAD TO GANDHI IRWIN PACT
AND PLACED CONGRESS ON EQUAL FOOTING WITH THE GOVT.
QUIT INDIA MOVT.: AUGUST REVOLUTION
MOST UNGANDHIAN OF GANDHIAN MOVEMENTS.
UNGANDHIAN BECOZ: EARLIER GANDHI HELD HIS MOVT AGAINST EVIL NOT EVIL DOER
BUT NOW GANDHI STRAIGHT AWAY HELD THAT BRITISH TO LEAVE INDIA
GANDHI ALLOWED USE OF ARMS AS JUSTIFIED AGAINST A WELL ARMED AGGRESSOR
GANDHI GAVE A CALL FOR DO OR DIE.. BUT DON.T REMAIN ALIVE TO SEE COUNTRY IN STATE OF SLAVERY
NATIONS SURVIVE ONLY WHEN PEOPLE ARE READY TO DIE FOR THERE COUNTRY
GANDHI HELD THAT IT IS LAST STRUGGLE OF HIS LIFE
HE REFUSED TO CONDEMN VIOLENCE AS HELD VIOLENCE AS REACTION TO BIGGER VIOLENCE
EVERYONE IS FREE TO CHOOSE HIS METHODS: CLARIFIED BY CONGRESS
THERE IS NO NEED TO BOW AND SUFFER RATHER PICK UP STICKS AND DEFEND YOURSELF
SO QIM WAS MOST SPONTANOUS. ONCE TOP LEVEL LEADERSHIP WAS ARRESTED GRASSROOTS LEADERSHIP EMERGED ..
COMMEN MAN BECAME LEADER ... EXACTLY WHAT GANDHI WANTED
THIS WAS GANDHI'S WAR OF MANOVRE
ACC. TO FRANCIS HUTCHINS:
GANDHI WAS AFTER ALL A POLITICIAN A STRATEGIST :arrow_double_down:
USE OF NON VIOLENCE WAS TO BRING MASSES WITHIN FOLD OF NATIONAL MOVEMENT :arrow_double_down:
ONCE THE MASSES JOINED THE NATIONAL MOVT. NON- VOILENCE WAS NO LONGER REQUIRED
RESPONSE TO QIM:
AMBEDKAR CALL IT MAD VENTURE OF GANDHI
MUSLIM LEAGUE OPPOSED IT
HINDU MAHASABHA OPPSED IT AS IT WILL BE AGAINST HINDU CAUSE
MN ROY SAYS IN THIS TIME INDIAN SHOULD SUPPORT THE BRITISH AS THEY ARE FIGHTING FOR DEMOCRACY
C RAJAGOPALACHARI HELD THAT IT MAY LEAD TO ANARCHY
REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITIES
NOT TERRORISM
AS TERRORISM INDISCRIMINATELY KILLS THE CIVILIAN TO CREATE FEAR
WHEREAS REVOLUTIONARY Targets the oppressor
SOURCES OF INFLUENCE:
IRISH NATIONALISM
RUSSIAN NIHILISM: INDIVIDUAL ACT OF HEROISM
BANDHI JEEVAN: SACHIN SANYAL
PHILOSOPHY OF BOMB: BAGHWATI CHANDRA VOHRA ETC
CONTRIBUTION:
ACC, TO BIPIN CHANDRA REVOLUTIONARY LACKS MASS BASE SO THEY ARE DEPENDENT ON INDIVIDUAL ACTSO F HEROSIM
THEY THOUGHT ORGANIZING MASS REVOLUTION A UPHILL TASK .. SO THEY WANT TO INSPIRE YOUTH VIA INDIVIDUAL ACTS
THEY TRY AWAKEN PATRIOTISM SENTIMENT AND REMOVE FEAR OF AUTHORITY
REVIVE LOST PRIDE OF MANHOOD TO INDIANS