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CHAPTER 1 The Dry Bones Speak (Vocabluary: (Species (Australopithecus- A…

- - - - Lucy- The incomplete skeletal remains of a female hominid found in eastern Ethiopia in 1974 and classified as Australopithecus afarensis
- - - - Darwin explained in his book On the Origin Of Species that natural selection was very complex and mentioned the Creator in later issues to fight off criticism.
      - Darwin struggled in the beginning as the theory contained no goals and purposes of life unlike the other stories of creation.
      - Darwin's idea of evolution gained fame and acceptance in the science community.
      - The fields of anthropology and paleoanthropology grew during this time period in order to find evidence in Darwin's theory of evolution threw living and/or dead organisms.
- - - - The Leakeys identified Africa as the home of the earliest humans when they placed the Homo habilis of living 1.5-2 million years ago in Africa.
      - Richard Leaky (Leakey's son) found that the Homo habilis had an opposable thumb, bipedal walk, and a brain approximately 650 cubic centimeters.
      - Homo habilis and the Australopithecus boisei lived on Earth together approximately 2 million years ago.
    - - Mary Leakey found the footprints of two Australopithecus afarensiswalking with each other and found out that the species had a slower walk than humans,
      - In 1994, the genus Ardipithecus ramidus was discovered and the date of earliest known ape-like hominid was pushed back to 4.4 million years.
      - Though Lucy's brain would have been too small to be classified as a Homo, she was an ancestor of humans through her bipedalism.
      - In 2001, Michel Brunet discovered Toumai, a 6-7 million year old skull which is very similar to both apes and humans.
      - From the 40% of Lucy's total skeleton that was found, scientists discovered that she was 42"-48" tall and weighed approximately 60 lbs.
      - Paleoanthropologists discovered the oldest known example of Homo Sapien with the specimen living approximately 75,000-115,000 years ago.
      - The date of earliest known hominid was pushed back to 3.2 million years with the discovery of the Australopithecus afarensis Lucy, in 1974 in Ethiopia.