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Metals (Steel) (Stainless Steel (SS) (Types of SS (classified according to…
Metals (Steel)
Stainless Steel (SS)
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principal alloying element is Chromium, usually greater than 15%
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Carbon is used to strengthen and harden SS but high C content reduces corrosion protection since Chromium carbide forms to reduce available free Cr
Properties of SS
in addition to corrosion resistance, stainless steels are noted for their combination of strength and ductility
while desirable in many applications, these properties make SS difficult to work in manufacturing
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Plain Carbon Steels
Carbon is the principal alloying element, with only small amounts of their elements (about 0.5% manganese is normal)
Strength of plain carbon steels increases with carbon content, but ductility is reduced
High carbon steels can be heat treated to form martensite, making the steel very hard and strong
Low carbon steels
contain less than 0.20% C (applications: automobile sheetmetal parts, plate steel for fabrication, raidroad fails)
Medium carbon steels
range between 0.20% and 0.50% (applications: machinery components and engine parts such as crankshafts and connecting rods)
High carbon steels
contain carbon in amounts greater than 0.50% (applications: springs ,cutting tools and blades, wear-resistant parts)
Tool Steels
a class of usually highly alloyed steels designed for use as industrial cutting tools, dies, and molds
to perform these applications, they must possess high strength ,hardness,wear resistance, and toughness under impact
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Low Alloy Steels
Iron-carbon alloys that contain additional alloying elements in amounts totalling less than ~5% by weight
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