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AOS 2 Lessons 1-4 (Motivations (Air Pollution/Smog, Climate Change, Ozone…

- - - - Units: Molec/volume unit
    - - Units: Mass/Volume unit
    - - Units: ppb, ppm, etc.
  - - - Resuspension
      - Reaction
      - Emission
      - Transportation
    - - Reaction
      - Deposition
      - Dispersion
    - - Source > Sink = Material increases
      - Source < Sink = Material decreases
    - - Formula: q = (S*T)/V
        
        T = Residence time
        
        S = Source + Sink Rate
        
        V = Volume
        
        q = Concentration of pollutant
      - Occurs when Source = Sink
      - How to reduce pollutants based on model
        
        Increase Volume (least practical)
        
        Decrease residence time
        
        Decrease source rate
- - - - Secondary atmosphere: N2, H2O, CO2
    - - CO2 dissolves into ocean => carbonates => sediment
  - - - Photosynthesis
        
        Anoxygenic
        
        Oxygenic
        
        O2 in the atmosphere!!
        
        Ozone layer forms
        
        Land life forms
        
        Aerobic respiration resolves O2 toxicity problem
        
        Cool trends => ice age
  - - - Manufacturing
      - Hunting
      - Agriculture
      - Deforestation
      - Mostly regional pollution
    - - Industrialization
        
        beginnings of global pollution
    - - Formula: Total Pollution = population x per capita consumption x pollution per unit resource
        
        Solutions
        
        Reduce consumption
        
        Reduce pollution to make resources (aka increase efficiency)
        
        Reduce population
      - Depends on human actions!
- - - - O2 - Oxygen
      - Ar - Argon
      - Others: Neon, Helium, Krypton
      - N2 - Nitrogen
    - - H2O = greatest (Depends on temp.)
      - CO2 = Second most (Depends on season + location)
  - - - Higher altitude = Less density
    - - Atmos Pressure = 1013 mBar = 10 tonne/m2 = 14.7 lbs/m2
      - Higher altitude = Less pressure (halves every 5.5 km)
    - - Alternates btw layers of the atmosphere (decreases thru troposphere, increases in stratosphere, etc.)
    - - Mesosphere
      - Stratosphere (ozone layer)
      - Ionosphere/Thermosphere
      - Troposphere