Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

INTRO Nervous System (Communication (Neurotransmitter (Excitatory (promote…

- - - - promote AP in postsynaptic cells
        
        causes depolarization
    - - suppress AP in postsynaptic cells
        
        causes hyperpolarization
  - - - channel-linked receptors
        
        direct and simple
    - - more complex
        
        require second messengers
  - - - Chemical synapse
        
        neurotransmitters transmitted into gap
        
        receptors on postsynaptic cell will receive the NT
        
        cells are NOT in contact
        
        may or may not produce an AP propagation (depends on amount of NT released and sensitivity of postsynaptic cel
      - Electrical synapse
        
        gap junctions aka connexons
        
        direct physical contact
        
        ions pass between cells
        
        produce continuous AP propagation
        
        located in eye, brain, ciliary ganglia
- - - - Somatic
        
        conduct impulses from CNS to skeletal muscle
        
        voluntary movement
      - Autonomic
        
        visceral motor nerve fibers that regulate smooth muscle, glands, and cardiac muscle
        
        involuntary muscle movement
        
        Made of 2 subdivisions
        
        Sympathetic
        
        Parasympathetic
- - - - called soma or perikaryon
        
        synthesize proteins, membranes, chemicals
        
        located in CNS = nuclei
        
        located in the PNS = ganglia
        
        structure: nucleus, Nissl bodies (rough ER), neurofilaments
    - - bundle of processes in CNS = tracts
      - bundle of processes in PNS = nerves
      - 2 types
        
        Dendrites
        
        receptive region
        
        Axons
        
        structure:
        
        cone shaped area = axon hillock
        
        branches = collaterals
        
        plasma membrane = axolemma
        
        function:
        
        conducting region of neuron
        
        terminal region of axon secretes neurotransmitters into extracellular space
        
        bidirectional transportation
        
        Anterograde
        
        1 more item...
        
        Retrograde
        
        1 more item...
  - - - Ependymal cells
      - Oligodendrocytes
      - Astrocytes
      - Microglia
    - - Satellite cells
        
        surround neuron cell bodies
      - Schwann cells
        
        surround axon