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EMT Chapter 10: Airway Management (Assisted and Artificial Ventilation…
EMT Chapter 10: Airway Management
Anatomy of Respiratory System
Physiology of Breathing
Pathophysiology of Respiration
Patient Assessment
Opening the Airway
Suctioning
Basic Airway Adjuncts
Maintaining the Airway
Supplemental Oxygen
Oxygen Delivery Equipment
Assisted and Artificial Ventilation
passive
mannuarlly triggereed
automatic transport ventilator/resusitator
positive pressure ventilation
BVM
not ventilating
respiratory arrest
cardiopulmonary arrest
respiratory failure
sizes
adult
1200-1600ml
pediatric
500-700ml
infant
150-240ml
BVM is best done
in groups of 2!
maintains proper seal
BVM is performed badly if
heart rate doesn't return back to normal
chest doesn't rise and fall
no condensation on mask
bad compliance
patient's color doesn't get better
be careful of
gastrict distention (esp in children)
causes:
aspiration
reduced lung volume
IF it happens,
apply pressure over upper abdomen (stomach area)
induce vomiting
lay patient on left side
1 more item...
Sellick Maneuver
method of reducing aspiration by blocking cricoid cartilage
doesn't work well
b/c impedes ventilations
mouth to mouth
barrier device for
vomit, gas, secretions
patients who need respiatory help often
can't complete sentences
CPAP
obstructive pulmonary disease
acute pulmonary edema
opens collapsed alveoli
Watch out for:
may lower BP (increases pressure in Heart area)
may deplete O2 tank (in 5-10 min)
peumothorax
Indications
*
Alert and follow commands
pulmonary distress (accessory muscle use; tripod position) from medical condition
breathing greater than 26 bpm
pulse ox less than 90%
CONTRAINDICATIONS
respiratory arrest
pneumothorax/chest trauma
tracheostomy
gastrointestinal bleeding/vomiting
can't follow verbal commands
once this happens, do BVM
Special Considerations
Stoma
tracheostomy (tube to trachea)
BVM directly
BVM with child's mask (if there's no tube already there)
open patients' mouth & nose when exhaling
Foreign Body Airway Obstruction
Mild
coughing
Wheezing
lower airway obstruction
continue to monitor and encourage coughing; DON'T remove manually
might force object lower
Stridor
high pitched inspiration
mild upper airway obstruction
Cyanosis
Severe
can't breath, talk, or cough
Unconscious without Pulse
CPR!
during breaths, tell if blocked airway
suction
abdominal thrusts
rapid transport