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2.1 System Concept (2.1.1 Overview of Computer System (Input-Process…
2.1
System Concept
2.1.1 Overview of Computer System
What is Computer?
An electronic device that accepts data (input), process data, produces information (output) and store the information for future use.
What is Computer System?
A complete, working computer that includes operating system, software and hardware which are necessary to make the computer function
Components of Computer System
Hardware
-Input Devices
-System Units
-Output Devices
-Storage Devices
Software
-System Software
-Operating System
-Utility Program
-Application Software
Input-Process-Output-Storage (IPOS) Model or Information Processing Cycle
INPUT
-Any data or instruction entered into the memory of a computer
-User can enter data and instructions into a computer by using input devices (keyboard, mouse, touch screen, game controller, scanner etc).
PROCESS
-Transforming data into information.
-Performing operation on the data such as performing calculations, sorting lists of words or numbers, drawing pictures
-Processing data makes the data entered usable.
OUTPUT
-Data that has been processed into a useful form (information).
-An output is when the computer communicates the results of the processed data.
-The information is usually shown on a display monitor or paper printout and it should be easy for us to understand.
STORAGE
Location in which data, instructions and information are held for future use.
2.1.2 DATA REPRESENTATION
Data
Collection of unprocessed items, which can include number, character and symbol, images, audio, video and instructions.
Information
Processed data that conveys meaning and is useful to people.
How does a computer represent data?
By using two unique binary digits 1 and 0 to represent the two states on and off
A bit is the smallest unit of data the computer can process.
A byte is 8 bits that are group together as a unit.
2.1.3 STORAGE CAPACITY
Typical storage and capacities
Tape drive
A few hundred kilobytes to several gigabytes
Diskette
1.44 MB
Hard disks
External hard disk
Removable hard disk
Up to 4TB or more
UP to 1TB or more
definition
The number of bytes (characters) can be hold by storage medium.
