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NOUNS (Ablative (Abl. of Separation
(ā (ab), ē (ex), dē)
Hominēs incolās…
NOUNS
Ablative
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Abl. of Manner
Verba misera cum veniā audīvistī.
(You heard (my) wretched words with indulence (indulgently)).
(Cum optional when noun in abl. not modified by adj.)
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Abl. of Separation
(ā (ab), ē (ex), dē)
Hominēs incolās īnsulae servitūte līberāvērunt.
(The men freed the inhabitants of the island from slavery.)
Pecūniā careō.
(İ lack money.)
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Abl. of Place From Which
Ab İtaliā vēnit.
(He came from Italy.)
(No preposition with towns, cities, small islands, domus, rūs)
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Abl. of Respect (Specification)
(W/O preposition)
Haec fēmina speciē pulchra est.
(This woman is beautiful in (respect to) appearance.)
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Abl. of Degree of Difference
(W/O preposition)
(Mostly comp.; less frequent super.)
Nunc multō fēlīcior est.
(Now he is happier by much; he is much happier now.)
Abl. Absolute
(Untied to main clause)
Coniuge vīsō, fēmina discessit.
(Since she had seen her husband, the woman departed.)
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Genitive
-
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Partitive Gen. (of the Whole)
Fortissimus omnium mīlitum ad mē vēnit.
(The bravest of all the soldiers came to me.)
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-
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Gen. + Causā
(for the sake of)
Legendī causā venit.
(He comes for the sake of reading; he comes to read.
Gen. W/ Expressions of Remembering & Forgetting
Dolōris nūper oblītus eram.
(İ had recently forgotten my grief.)
Dative
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Dat. of Possessor
(w/ forms of sum)
Corōna est rēgīnae.
(A crown is to the queen; the queen has a crown; the crown is the queen's.)
Dat. of Purpose (Service) & Reference
(Double Dat.)
- 1 purpose/ service, 2 relevant person/ thing
Ad urbem salūtī mihi vēnit.
(He came to the city for (the purpose of) a salvation (with reference) to (for) me i.e. He came to the city to save me.)
Dat. + Certain Intransitive Verbs
Tibi persuādeō.
(İ am persuasive (with reference) to you; İ persuade you.
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Accusative
Acc. of Place to Which
(ad)
Ad Italiam vēnit.
(He came from Italy.)
(No preposition with towns, cities, small islands, domus, rūs)
Acc. of Duration of Time/ Extent of Space
(Answer to "for how long?")
Quīnque annōs miser erat.
(For five years he was unhappy.)
Greek Acc. (Acc. of Respect/ After Verbs in Middle Voice)
Ferrum cingitur.
(He is girded with respect to a sword; he girds on a sword.)
Adverbial Acc.
Maximam partem ille vir sapientissimus est.
(With respect to the greatest part, that man is very wise; for the most part that man is very wise.)
Locative
(Place in Which/ Place Where)
(Towns, cities, small islands, domus, rūs)
1st, 2nd Decl.
Loc. S: GS
Loc. P: Abl. P
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Vocative
- identifical to N except in 2nd decl.(-us/ -ius]
Vergilī, scrībe carmen!
(Vergil. write a poem!)
Mī fīlī, venī!
(My son. come!)