Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Psychopathology (Depression (Bipolar: A form of depression characterised…
Psychopathology
Depression
-
-
Bipolar: A form of depression characterised by periods of heightened moods and periods of despondency and hopelessness
Behavioural: High energy levels, reckless behaviour, talkative
Emotional: Elevated mood states, irritability, lack of guilt
Cognitive: Delusions, irrational thought process
Behavioural: Loss of energy, social impairment, weight changes, poor personal hygiene, sleep pattern disturbance
Emotional: Loss of enthusiasm, constant depressed mood, worthlessness
Cognitive: Delusions, reduced concentration, thoughts of death, poor memory
-
Beck's negative triad: A model of the cognitive biases which are characteristic features of depression. The triad consists of three elements/pessimistic thought patterns about the self, the world and the future
-
Ellis' ABC model: An explanation that sees depression as occurring through an Activating event, a Belief, and a Consequence
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): Assists patients in identifying irrational and maladaptive thoughts and changing them
-
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT): Developed by Ellis to make irrational and negative thoughts more rational and positive
Phobias
-
-
Behavioural: Avoidant, anxiety approach, disruption of functioning
Emotional: Persistent excessive fear, fear from exposure to phobic stimulus
-
Simple, social, and agoraphobia are sub-types of phobias
The two-process model
-
Operant conditioning (Skinner) is the maintainence of phobias through negative reinforcement (the removal of anxiety)
-
Systematic desensitisation: A behavioural approach for treating phobias in which the sufferer learns relaxation techniques and then faces a hierarchy of exposure to the phobic stimulus
-
Flooding: A behavioural therapy for treating phobias through direct confrontation of a feared object or situation
OCD
Anxiety disorder characterised by persistent, recurrent, unpleasant thoughts and repetitive, ritualistic behaviours
-
Obsessions
Behavioural: Hinder everyday functioning, social impairment
-
Cognitive: Recurrent and persistent thoughts, recognised as self-generated, realisation of innappropriateness, attentional bias
Compulsions
Behavioural: Repetitive, hinders everyday functioning, social impairment
-
Cognitive: Uncontrollable urges, realisation of innappropriateness
-
-
Drug therapy: The treatment of OCD using chemicals and drugs such as SSRIs which elevate serotonin levels, causing the orbital frontal cortex to function at more normal levels
-
Psychosurgery: Destroying brain tissue to disrupt the cortico-striatal circuit by the use of radio waves
-