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Lecture 11: Flooding in the humid and arid regions. (Causes of river…
Lecture 11:
Flooding in the humid and arid regions.
Causes of river floods
Physical factors
Climate
Geophysical/ Catastrophic events
Anthropogenic factors
Urbanisation
Deforestation
Bridges, dams, obstructions in river channel
Agricultural land drains
Effects of flooding
Positive
Replenish groundwater reserves
Provide fertile alluvial for floodplains
Maintaining the ecosystem
Negative
Loss of lives
Damage/Loss of property
Impact of agriculture
Disruption of services and activities
Spread of diseases
Management of river floods
Hard engineering strategies
Dam construction
Diversion
Channelisation
Re-sectioning
Re-alignment/straightening & diversions
Lined channels
Lined channels
Soft engineering strategies
Afforestation
Managed flooding (ecological flooding)
Flood risk mapping
Floodplain zoning