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WPS Unit 5: Introduction to Critical Thinking, Reading & Writing…

- - - - The assumptions relate to an educated guess about the possible factors in the problem
    - - Data is significant to report
  - - - Original/New data
      - Facts that have not been discovered before
      - e.g. face-to-face interviews, telephone interviews, written survey questionnaires, observations and experiments
      - 3 kinds of information from surveys
        
        Opinion
        
        attitudes, views, beliefs & preferences
        give info about feelings/values
        
        e.g. opinion polls and market research
        
        Behaviour
        
        Behaviour questions can be verified through supportive evidence
        e.g. How many hours do you spend playing computer games in a week?
        
        Opinion questions involve the intention, than the actual completion of the behaviour
        e.g. How many times will you play computer games in the next 2 weeks?
        
        Facts
        
        does not require judgement on part of the respondent
        
        e.g. age, gender, address, marital status
    - - Information that may be new to the researcher, but discovered by someone else prior to the present research
      - e.g. facts obtained from books, magazines, brochures, company files, text of speeches, operation manuals, the internet
- - - - gives a wide variety of options to respondent, not restricted in number of choices he can make
      - Advantage: allows respondent to give as much information as possible and is good for gathering extensive info about him
    - - build on checklist questions,
        prioritise responses based on choices made
      - Advantage: detailed information gathered
        answers are easy to collate
    - - have a number of options, select only one answer/response
      - Advantage: easy to collate
      - Disadvantage: difficult to construct,
        must cater to a wide variety of respondent needs
    - - measurement-type questions, involved in gauging frequency of action or level of agreement of statement
      - informs on attitude, views or feelings
      - do not give a mid point option (neutral)
    - - Advantages: capture essential information quickly, can add on subsequent questions to probe further & easy to respond to, easy to collate
      - Disadvantages: may not give detailed information
      - give two extreme choices e.g. yes/no, true/false, agree/disagree, favourable/unfavourable
  - - - can gather a lot of information
        since options not controlled by questionnaire designer
    - - respondents may not be prepared to give feedback due to reasons (time factor, cultural sensitivity)
      - difficult to collate or quantify
- - - - teenager cannot tell you what computer games teenagers play, but can tell you what computer games he plays
  - - - ask 5 people to try out, helps to fine-tune it
    - - X seldom/occasionally/frequently
        :) everyday/every week/every month
    - - info somewhat sensitive, more likely to respond to a range
    - - helps respondents focus on one topic at a time
      - helps to analyze and group data
    - - at the introduction of the survey, intro yourself and explain purpose of survey
      - clear and concise instructions on how to complete the questionnaire
- - - - brief details about company or the nature of the problem
        why the report is required
      - name, designation and other relevant details of the person who requested for the report
    - - how info for report is obtained
    - - Why you are writing report
      - state objectives
        
        write a clear Purpose Statement
        
        make what report will do clear
        
        unclear purpose statement will leave reader confused
        & distract your from objectives
    - - areas covered in report
      - limitations and restrictions & their reasons
        say what you would not be doing