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Emotional and Cognitive Socialization Outcomes (Values (Attitudes…
Emotional and Cognitive Socialization Outcomes
Values
Qualities or beliefs that are viewed as desirable or important
Basic Societal Values
Equal justice for all
Compassion for those in need
Equality of opportunity
Basic Personal Values
Truth
Love
Knowledge
Affected by societal perceptions, personal perceptions
Attitudes
A tendency to respond positively or negatively to certain persons, objects, or situations
Composed of beliefs, feelings, and behavior tendencies
Development- Phase I (2.5 to 3) , Phase II (Starts at 4), Phase III (Starts at 7)
Influences
Family
Modeling, Instruction, Reinforcement and Punishment
Peers
Mass Media
Television and Movies
Books
Community
School
Changing Attitudes about Diversity
Increased positive intercultural contact
Vicarious intercultural contact
Perceptual differentiation
Motives and Attributions
Motive-a need or emotion that causes a person to act
Attribution- An explanation for one's performance
Achievement motivation- Refers to the learned motivation to achieve mastery of challenging tasks
Intrinsic- Within-person
Extrinsic- socially mediated
Locus of control- One's attribution of performance, or perception of responsibility for success or failure; may be internal or external
Self-Efficacy
The belief that one can master a situation and produce positive outcomes
Personal Agency
The realization that one's actions cause outcomes
Self-esteem
The value one places on one's identity
Described as high or low
Scholastic competence, athletic competence, social competence, physical appearance, and behavioral conduct
Influences
Family, School, Peers, Mass Media, Community