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pGALS MSK assessment (ARMS Upper Limbs (Hands (Hold your hands out …
pGALS
MSK assessment
p
aediatric
G
ait
A
rms
L
egs
S
pine
MSK
assessment tool
see
http://www.arthritisresearchuk.org/health-professionals-and-students/video-resources/pgals.aspx
SCREENING
QUESTIONS
Do you
(or does the child)
have any . . .
pain or stiffness in your/their joints,
muscles or back?
difficulty getting yourself dressed
without any help?
problem going
up & down stairs?
GAIT
OBSERVE
. . . child
walking
on their
toes
on their
heels
. . . child
standing
From
front,
behind
sides
ARMS
Upper Limbs
Hands
Hold your hands out
straight in front of you
TESTS
forward flexion
of shoulders
Pinch your index finger
& thumb together
TESTS
manual dexterity
coordination of small joints
of index finger & thumb & functional grip
Touch the tips
of your fingers
TESTS
manual dexterity
coordination of small joints
of index finger & thumb
Squeeze -
metacarpophalangeal joints
for tenderness
TESTS
metacarpophalangeal
joints
Put your hands together palm to palm
& put your hands together back to back
TESTS
extension of small joints
of fingers
wrist extension
elbow flexion
Turn your hands over
& make a fist
TESTS
wrist supination elbow extension flexion of small joints of the fingers
Shoulder & Elbow
Reach up to the sky &
look up at the ceiling
TESTS
Elbow
Wrist
Neck
extension
Shoulder
abduction
Put your hands
behind your neck
TESTS
Elbow
flexion
Shoulder
abduction
external rotation
SPINE
Neck
&
Spine
try & touch
your shoulder
with your ear
TESTS
cervical spine
lateral flexion
bend forward
& touch your toes
TESTS
forward flexion
of
thoraco-lumbar spine
(& check for scoliosis)
Jaw
open
your mouth wide
& put 3 fingers
into it
TESTS
temporomandibular
joints
(check for deviation
of jaw movement)
LEGS
LOWER
LIMBS
Knee
active movement - extension & flexion (feel for crepitus)
flexion
&
extension
Hips
passive movement
(knee flxd to 90
&
internal rotation
of hip)