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Cells Neurobiology, week 1, map 2 Prof. Peggy Mason, UChicagoMOOC and…
Cells
Neurobiology, week 1, map 2
Prof.
Peggy Mason
, UChicago
MOOC
and images
Neurons
are the stars: :star:
Difs. from
other cells
Types
Vs. only a few types
of liver, lung, etc.
Millions of types
(
Total number
)
info
100 K motorneurons
(go out of CNS)
200 B compl'ly
in CNS
Longest
Toe to head
Neuron parts
Cell body (soma)
Where it's located
makes it CNS or PNS
Contains
Nucleus (city hall)
w/ DNA
Manuf'g plant
(makes proteins)
Dendrites
Ears / sentries
Branched ("arbor")
1 axon
Gives info to next cell
Can be long
Synaptic terminal
slides
Difs. among
neurons
What they connect to
Excitability
Talkative OR laconic
Neurotransmitters
Yes, yes, yes
No, no, no
Hem and haw
Speed
Glial cells
(support sys.)
Types
Astrocytes
(2 types, 20% of all glia)
Sanitation—p/u...
Excess transmitters
Transmitters' metabolites
Excess neurons
Myelin-makers
Functions
Envelop synapses :!?:
Myelin wraps some axons
(see next map)
Also two types
Oliodendrocytes
in CNS
75% of CNS glia :!?:
Schwann cells
in PNS
Important in
development
Transport new neurons
from where they're born
(Progenitor of glia cell,
at that point)
Microglia
5% of CNS glia :!?:
Lineage
Blood
vs other NS cells,
from ectoderm
Immune reaction
Quiet if we're healthy
Hot topic:
implicated
in lots–e.g.,
Alzheimer's
chronic pain
Number
All textbooks say
10 glia : 1 neuron
Suzana Huculano-Houzel
counted in many animals
to read and watch
1:1
is right number
(86:85 B)
