Thermal Physics
pressure
P = F/A
internal energy
total potential energy and random kinetic energy of all particles in substances
energy transfer
Heat (J) = energy transferred from one body to another (difference in temperature)
at equal temperature
specific latent heat
fusion
vaporisation
solid to liquid
liquid to gas
at different temparature
specific heat capacity
energy transferred to 1 kg substance causing temperature to increase by 1K
equation
Q = mc delta theta
formula
Q = ml
matter has mass and occupies space
solid
liquid
gas
no fixed shape
fixed shape
no fixed volume
fixed volume
no shape
high kinetic energy
random collision
vibrates at fixed position
low kinetic energy
fixed volume
vibrate and collide with each other
moderate kinetic energy
phase change
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temperature
degree of hotness of an object
could reach
thermal equilibrium
transfer of energy until both objects reaches same temperature
minimum kinetic energy of particles
absolute temperature: 0 Kelvin at absolute 0
K convert to degree celcius
T(K) = X degree Celsius + 273
kinetic energy of ideal gases
molecules constant random motion
negligible volume
no inter molecular forces (all KE)
produce force on wall (uniform pressure)
negligible time of collision
perfectly elastic collision
momentum is reserved
