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Algorithms and Problem Solving (algorithms:sequence of steps to be…
Algorithms and Problem Solving
algorithms:sequence of steps to be followed to solve the problem by computer.
programs=algorithm+data
phase 1: derivation of algorithm to solve a problem
phase 2: conversion of algorithm to a program
algorithm development process
step1:Obtain a description of the problem.
step 2: Analyse the problem
step 3: Develop a high-level algorithm
step 4: Refine the algorithm by adding more detail.
step 5: Review the algorithm.
algorithm properties:
fitness,defitness,inpt,otput,feasability,generality,effectiveness
algorithm notation
programming language
notation for writing programs
ex: c,c++,python,java etc
algorithm building block
Instruction/sequence
order of instruction execution
state/selection
lines of code executed based on true or false condition
controls the execution to choose which of two or more paths have to be executed
pseudo code
informal language in plain English later converted to programming langage
one statement per line
capitalized initial keyword ex:READ
show hierarchy and multi-line and language independent
flowchart
graphical representation of algorithm
symbols
• Process / Operation Symbols
• Branching and Control of Flow Symbols
• Input and Output Symbols
• File and Information Storage Symbols
• Data Processing Symbols
Iteration
follows the path from starting till end of algorithm
Types
depending on output
depending on input
Recursion algorithm
algorithm calling itself based on condition