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Tuberculosis (Investigation (Tuberculin skin test (for screening), FBC:…
Tuberculosis
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Risk factor
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Workers at long-term care facilities, hospitals, clinics, and medical laboratories
Clinical features
Symptoms
Cough, initially dry, then commonly purulen
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Signs
Rales, rhonchi, bronchial breath sounds
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Infection (4-8 wks)
Disease
- Lymphadenopathy
- Collapse
- Consolidation
- Pleural effusion
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Management
WHO Regimen
Standard Regimen
- 2 months of Isoniazid (H), Rifampicin(R), Pyrazinamide(Z), Ethambutol(E) continue with 4 months of HR
- 2 months of HRZE and 4 months of HRE
Main ADR
- Isoniazid: peripheral neuropathy, hepatitis, rash
- Rifampicin: febrile rxn, hepatitis, rash
- Pyrazinamide: hepatitis, hyperuricaemia
- Ethambutol: arthralgia
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Organism is spread primarily as an airborne aerosol from an individual who is in the infectious stage