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Lesson 11 (Ecology of the Community (10-7 Creating Caring Communities…

- - - - private: Financed by donations, membership dues, corporate contributions, consultation fees, investment income, foundation grants, publication sales, or conference fees, they are established by individuals or philanthropic, religious, fraternal, or humanitarian groups; their management is the responsibility of a board of director
        
        Child Welfare league of america
      - combination: using both public and private sources of money, these may get government grants to implement research or innovations and private donations to provide services over and above what is funded by the grant
      - public: Financed by taxation, they are administered within the legal framework of the local, state, or federal government
  - - - changing nature of the family
      - Increasing urbanization of communities
      - increasing population
  - - - the persistently high rate of unemployment among parents
        
        the inability of parents to earn high enough wages to escape poverty
        
        the growth in the number of female-headed households because of divorce and out-ofwedlock births
        
        inadequate preschool education, public education, and job training
        
        inadequate budgets in government program
    - - Maternal and child health service
      - Centers for Disease Control
      - Medicaid
      - Child nutrition programs
    - - Social Security survivor or disability benefit
      - Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
      - Unemployment compensation
      - Veterans’ benefits
      - Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
      - Child nutrition service
    - - Social services block grants (Title XX)
      - Child and adolescent service system program
      - Child welfare service
    - - Income tax deduction
      - Subsidized day care
    - - 1989 its mandated task was to assess the status of children and families in the united states and to propose new directions for policy and program development in order to improve
        
        ensuring income security
        
        improving health
        
        increasing educational achievement
        
        preparing adolescents for adulthood
        
        strengthening and supporting families
        
        protecting vulnerable children and their families
        
        making policies and programs work
        
        creating a moral climate for children
        
        providing financing for programs
    - - The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act
      - The Family Violence Prevention and Services Program
  - - - serve on school advisory councils or on school boards
      - offer schools the use of business settings for job placement or offer field sites for work experience program
      - provide specific schools with materials, financial aid, human resources, and professional support (some communities refer to such a project as “adopt-a-school”
      - examples: Annapolis symphony Orchestra, Sierra Sacramento Valley medical society
  - - - modern: various sculptures on which children could climb, crawl, and slide.
      - adventure: old lumber, tires, crates, bricks, and rocks
      - traditional: setting had swings, a slide, a teeter-totter, and a sandbox
      - children in the traditional and modern playgrounds were involved in using the equipment, whereas children in the adventure playground were involved in expressing ideas and fantasies.
    - - gemeinschaft communal, cooperative, close, intimate, and informal interpersonal relationships, mutually dependent and caring
      - gesellschaft associative, practical, objective, and formal interpersonal relationship
    - - citizen involvement
      - physical environment
      - community safety
      - employment opportunities
      - cost of living
      - neighborhood quality
      - recreation
      - child care
      - education
  - - - the Senior Corps, AmeriCorps, and Learn and Serve America
    - - Learn about the needs in your community
        
        Conserve funds for charities, nonprofit, faith-based, and other community organizations by contributing your time.
        
        Share your skills and gain new ones.
        
        Develop self-esteem and self-confidence by feeling needed and valued.
        
        Meet new people from all walks of life.
        
        Enhance your resume and make important networking contacts.
    - - -tutoring at-risk youth
        -building homes for low-income people
        -working at food banks
        -donating food, clothing, and household items
        -helping maintain parks by cleaning
        -caring for homebound senior
        -responding to natural disasters.
  - - - crucial component os a community is the relationship of people to one another and the sense of belonging & of obligation to the group
    - - social control
      - social participation
      - socialization
      - mutual support
      - production, distribution, consumption
  - - - economic and personal aid to children living in their own homes
      - foster care for children who have no home or cannot remain with their own families
      - institutional care when children cannot be placed in a foster home or cannot remain with their own families
    - - avoid unnecessary placement of children in substitute care and the consequent high human and financial cost
      - improve family functioning so that the behavior that led to the crisis will be less likely to recur
      - keep families safe