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Optic (Light (Luminous Objects: The objects which emits its own light…
Optic
Light
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Non-luminous Objects: The objects which do not emit its own light but become visible due to the reflection of light falling on them
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Image: If light ray coming from an object meets or appear to meet at a point after reflection or refraction
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Laws of Reflection
Types of Reflection
Regular Reflection: When a parallel beam of reflected light rays is obtained for a parallel beam of incident light rays after reflection from a plane reflecting reflection.
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Irregular or Diffused: Reflection When a non-parallel beam of reflected light rays is obtained for a parallel beam of incident light rays after reflection from a surface.
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Refraction of light
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Index of Refraction
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Dispersion: The values given are approximate and do not account for the small variation of index with light wavelength
Snell's Law
The indices of refraction n of the two media to the directions of propagation in terms of the angles to the normal.
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Law of Reflection
A light ray incident upon a reflective surface will be reflected at an angle equal to the incident angle.
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The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal at the point of incidence all three lie in the same plane.
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Lenses and Mirrors
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Spherical Mirror: A highly polished curved surface whose reflecting surface is a cut part of a hollows at glass
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Real Image formation
Convering lens
If the lens equation yields a negative image distance, then the image is a virtual image on the same side of the lens as the object.
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Virtual Image formation
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Diverging lens
If a negative focal length is entered to agree with the illustration, then the image is a virtual image on the same side of the lens as the object and will give a negative image distance.
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