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Bach - Cantata Eine feste Burg ist unser Gott - Movements 1, 2 & 8…
Bach - Cantata Eine feste Burg ist unser Gott - Movements 1, 2 & 8
Harmony & Tonality
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Closely related keys
Mov 1 - Subject in tonic (D), modulates to dominant (A) for tonal answer
Ich Elender Mensch, Mov 2 - contrast - tonally unstable
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Melody
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Passing Notes
Mov 8 - Bach uses accented and unaccented passing notes to add interest to the highly homophonic chorale
Ich Elender Mensch, Bach - Mov 1 - accented passing notes
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General Context
Cantata BWV 80: Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott was written in Leipzig for Reformation Day (a religious holiday which celebrates the Protestant reformation in Europe).
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) is known for his advancement of Baroque techniques and exemplary use of 4-part harmony.
His unique composing style is a fusion of many European styles - including German, Italian and French - that he was largely inspired by during his lifetime.
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He was key to both music in the Baroque era and today - 4-part writing being based on the practises he devised.
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Instrumentation
Mov 1 - SATB choir; full orchestral tutti (oboes, strings, organ and continuo)
Ich Elender Mensch, Mov 1 - same instrumentation but with an added trumpet
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Rhythm & Metre
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Ich Elender Mensch, Mov 1 - 3/4 with cadential hemiola
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Texture
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Canon and Imitation
Throughout Mov 1
Imitative vocal entries and canonic accomp entries - Ich Elender Mensch, Mov 1
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