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Emotional and Cognitive Social Outcomes (Motives and Attributions…
Emotional and Cognitive Social Outcomes
Values
Certain basic human values are enshrined in the laws of most civilized societies.
Values affect, societal perceptions, personal perceptions,
Values clarification is influenced by various values derived from - Culture, Family, Politics and Advocacy Groups
Attitudes
The tendency to respond positively or negatively to certain persons, objects or situations.
Composed of beliefs, feelings, and behavior tendencies.
Prejudice is an attitude involving prejudgment; the application of a previously formed judgment of some person, object or situation.
Stereotype-a oversimplified, fixed attitude or set of beliefs that is held about members of a group.
Awareness, identification, attitude, preference, prejudice
Influences on Attitude Developement
Family, Peers,Mass Media, Community, School
Motives and Attributions
A motive is a need or emotion that causes a person to act.
An attribution is an explanation for one's performance.
People are motivated to act by the urge to be competent or achieve.-White(1959).
Locus of control-refers to one's attribution performance, or perception of responsibility for success or failure; may be internal or external.
Achievement motivation
mastery orientation-challenging tasks
Correlated with achievement behavior
Parenting practices affect achievement
Achievement motivation is relatively stable
Fear of failure
One's own expectations.
Learned Helplessness-continually facing opportunities that can be encouraging or discouraging
Self-Efficacy- belief one can master a situation and produce positive outcomes.
Self-Esteem
Development- value of one's identity
Self-concept- sees oneself as distinct from others.
Children always evaluating themselves and change over time.
Influences: family, school, peers, mass media, peers, community