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coastal flooding - Bangladesh (background info (Bangladesh lies on the…
coastal flooding - Bangladesh
background info
It is the worlds most densely populated country in the world
population of about 169 million in 2015
46% of the worlds population lives below 10 metres below sea level
Bangladesh lies on the flood plains of 3 major rivers
Brahmaputra
Meghna
Ganges
+54 smaller rivers
almost every year, huge areas of the country flood due to Himalayan snow melt adding to monsoon rains and high tides in the bay of Bengal.
causes
human
subsidence
some of Bangladesh's estuarine islands have sunk by as much as 1.5 meters in the last 50 years.
there has been clearance and drainage of more than 50 large islands
these islands are fast submerging
millions of people living on these islands are at risk of flooding if the embankments give way
removing vegetation
mangrove forests are found along the sub tropical coasts of Africa, Australia, Asia and the Americas.
the last remaining track of mangrove forest can be found in the Sundarbans region of Bangladesh, on the edge of the bay of Bengal.
the mangrove forested coastline is retreating at 200 meters a year caused by erosion and rising sea levels.
physical
mangrove forests
management strategies
long term
the flood action plan
it funds projects to monitor flood levels and construct flood banks and artificial levees
dam construction
settlements and agricultural land may be lost when land is flooding to create a reservoir
river engineering
river channel may be deepened or widened
or straightened to divert the flood waters away from settlements
afforestation
managed flooding
planning