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CH11 競爭優勢 (hard to sustain profit (reason (price competiiton, new entry,…

- - - - Value
        Critical for value creation
      - Rareness
      - Inimitable
        Imperfectly mobile
      - Organization
        Co-specialization
        共同特殊性
  - - - :no_entry:Legal restrictions
        
        patents
        copyrights
        government regulation
        
        Acquiring a patent in the open market
        will not lead to economic profits
        unless the firm can deploy this asset in superior ways
      - :no_entry:Superior Access
        to Inputs/Customers
        
        vertical integration
        long term contracts
        
        exclusive dealing clauses
      - :no_entry:Market Size
        and Scale Economies
        
        demand is large enough for only one producer
        
        Scale based barriers may come down if the market experiences growth
      - :no_entry:Intangible Barriers
        
        Casual ambiguity (因果關係模糊)
        
        iseconomies of scale
        
        Historical circumstances
        
        Disney
        
        Social complexity
        
        interpersonal interactions
        
        誰是台大學生
      - :no_entry:Strategic Fit
        策略配適
        
        a firms activities form a mutually reinforcing system
        
        the rival has to recreate the entire line of activities
    - - :forbidden:Learning curve
        
        規模經濟較不容易形成先行者利益瞬間會被追上
      - :forbidden:Network externalities
      - :forbidden:Reputation and buyer uncertainty
        
        experience goods, a firm’s reputation for quality provide a significant early mover advantage
      - :forbidden:Switching costs
        
        frequent flyer of airlines
        increasing switching costs
        
        serve as a tough commitment
        
        large installed base, it is costly to compete on price for new customers