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Revision for Year 9 History Mock Exam (The terms of the Treaty of…
Revision for Year 9 History Mock Exam
The names and aims of the Big Three
Names & Thoughts
Britain
Represented by George Llyod
They will be upset
They will be slightly concerned
America
Represented by President Wilson
They were not too worried
They had sympathy
They were concerned
France
They were devestated
They felt angry
They felt that they wanted revenge
Represented by Georges Clemenceua
Aims
Britain / George Llyod
Make Germany Pay
To please British Voters
The empires of Germany and Austria-Hungary broken
The people of Europe have a right to rule themselves
The British empire must be protected at all costs
It needs to be protected from the powerful Germany navy
Germany must recover so that they can trade with Britain again
They were the second largest trading partners before the war
Germany must get a fair punishment
If Germany are punished too harshly then it may cause future wars, which Britain couldn't afford
America / President Wilson
Every nation must reduce the number of weapons it has
The arms race led to WWI!
Germany should be punished, but not too harshly
One day they may want revenge if the peace treaty is unfair
Empires need to end
Countries should have the right to self-determination and be ale to rule themselves
The world should work together and co-operate to achieve world peace
A new organisation called
'League of Nations'
should be set up so that countries can talk through their problems and solve them peacefully
Germany should become a strong democracy
America does not want to get involved in another European war
I have a list of 14 points that should prevent the war happening again
France / Georges Clemence
Germany must be made to admit that they alone caused the First World War
They must take responsibility for starting the war
They want Alsace-Lorraine returned to France
This will weaken Germany and restore French pride
We must force Germany to pay France all that is needed to rebuild the damage caused by the war
It is unfair to tax the French to pay for the damage caused by Germans. We will make them pay reparations
We must cripple Germany
So that Germany will not be able to attack France again
France must have revenge and Germany punished
That's what they want
The terms of the Treaty of Versailles
Germany was to accept the blame for starting the war, under the 'War guilt' cause
Germany had to pay £6 million in reparations to the countries that had won the war
Germany was to reduce its army to 100,000 men
All Germany's colonies were given to France, Britain and other countries
Germany was forbidden to unite with Austria
Germany also lost a strip of land called the 'Polish Corridor' This was given to Poland, cutting Russia off from the rest of Germany
People of German blood in Czechoslovakia and Austria must be allowed to live in Greater Germany
Alsace-Lorraine went back to France
Appeasement - what was it? Why was it done? Specific examples of appeasement
Most people in the 1930's could still remember the terrible effects of the First World War. People did not want to go to war again.
British generals advised Chamberlain that if war was inevitable then it was better to play for time so that more planes and ships could be built
After the Russian Revolution in 1917, many people feared that communism would happen
Appeasement allowed Germany to grow stronger, making them harder to beat, and grow their economies
Many people felt that Germany had been treated unfairly by the Treaty of Versailles
The more Hitler got away with, the more Hitler thought Britain and France would never put up a fight
When Stalin saw that Britain would not go to war over Czechoslovakia, Stalin became convinces that Britain would not help USSR if it was attacked
In reality, Western European Politicians should have known better than Hitler did plan on invading
The League of Nations - structure/weaknesses/failures eg Abyssinia/Manchuria
The idea of the League of Nations was to stop any other wars from happening
The problem was, it was not strong enough to stand up against Hitler
It had previously failed to stop Mussolini when he invaded Abyssinia
Hitler's breaking of the Treat of Versailles - rearmament 1933 to invasion of Poland 1939
How Hitler came to power eg Hatred of Treat of Versailles/ Great Depression / Fear of Communism/ Solving unemployment
REVISED USING GCSEPOD
How to make an inference from a source - work something out rather than just take direct quotes
Explain the past by using words like 'because' and 'this means that' etc
Hitler did xy. This means that, abc happened
As a result of xyz, abc happened
Because of xyz, abc occured
Be able to decide how useful a source is by using criteria such as relevance/accuracy/trust
Is it on the web? Or is it published in a book?
If it is published in the book, then the information is more likely to be accurate
Is the author related to the person they are writing about?
If so, then it is likely to be biased
Is it a first-hand account of something?
If so, then the source could be reliable.
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How well informed was the person?
Was it written after the event happened?
If so, then some of the information may not be accurate anymore
They may have forgotten something