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Networking-07: Routing (Dynamic Routing (Steps (Send update packet out all…

- - - - Use fast switching cache to store next-hop info
      - Packet going same destination arrives on interface
      - Next--hop info in cache re-used without CPU intervention.
    - - CEF builds Forwarding Information Base (FIB) and an adjacency table
      - FIB contains
        
        Pre-computed reverse lookups
        
        Next hop info includes
        
        Interface
        
        Layer 2 info
    - - CPU matches destination address with entry in routing table
      - Determines exit interface
      - Forward packet
      - Packet arrives on interface and forwarded to control plane
      - Very slow since every packet is processed
  - - - Metric
        
        Bandwidth, delay, load and reliabiity
        
        Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
        
        Hop count
        
        Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
        
        Cumulative bandwidth
        
        Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
      - Administrative distance (AD)
- - - - Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP)
        
        EIGRP
        
        OSPF
        
        RIP
        
        IS-IS
      - Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)
        
        Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
    - - Speed of Convergence
      - Scalability
      - Classful or classless
      - Resource usage
      - Implementation and maintenance
    - - Behavior
        
        Classful protocol
        
        Classless protocol
      - Operation
        
        Link-state protocol
        
        Path-vector protocol
        
        Distance vector
      - Purpose
        
        Interior Gateway Protocol
        
        Exterior Gateway Protocol
- - - - Network route
        
        Ultimate route
        
        Local routes
        
        Directly connected routes
        
        Dynamically learned routes
        
        Parent route #
      - Supernet route
      - Default route
    - - Child route
- - - - Increased efficiency
      - Reduced routing entries
      - Classless routing protocol
        
        VLSM
        
        CIDR
      - Secure
    - - Hop count as metric
        
        15 is deemed infinite
      - Use Bellman-Ford algorithm
      - Updates broadcasted every 30 secs
- - - - Create complete topology of networks
      - Select best path to all destination networks