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Pronunciation (same & similar sounds (exp (need to, book club, best…
Pronunciation
same & similar sounds
exp
need to
book club
best time
s
z, sh, ch, j
m
n, ng
l
r
d
t, th
vowels
A
ɑ: / ä
arm, father
æ / a
bat, cat, black
aɪ / ī
five, eye
aʊ / ou
now, out
E
ɛ / e
met, bed, bet
ə / ə
away, cinema
ɜ:r / (ər)
turn, learn
eɪ / ā
say, eight, paper, made
eə / e(ə)r
where, air
U
ʊ / o͝o
put, could, foot
u:/ o͞o
blue, food
ʌ / ə
cup, luck, butter, stuff
UH
ʊəʳ / o͝or
pure, tourist
O
ɒ / ä
hot, rock
ɔ: / ô
call, four
oʊ / ō
go, home
ɔɪ / oi
boy, join
I
ɪ / i
hit, sit, shit, bitch
i: / ē
see, heat, sheet, beach
ɪə / i(ə)r
near, hear
8/ cancelation t, d, th
s, n, l
cancel
t, d, th
exp: in there, most of, is this, is that, in that
s
s, ch, z, j, sh
advi
sed
i
s th
is
is that
mo
st
of
n
n, m, ng
you a
nd
i
i
nt
ernational
i
n th
e car
l
r
impo
rt
ant
ed
voiceless
/t/
voiced
/d/
t, d
/ed/
s
voiceless
/s/
voiced
/z/
ch, x, s
/es/
flap t
def:
r + t/d + vowel
vowel + t/d + vowel
exp
got it
cancelation plosive consonants
def: plosive consonant: p, b, t, d, k, g + consonants
ignore the p, b, t, d, k, g
exp
first day
cancelation t,d (consonant cluster)
consonant + t/d + consonant
t,d sounds can be dropped
exp
just need, last chance, most of
y/ w + i
y
say it
May I
w
do it
throw it
you are
too often
few of
Rhythm
Function words
prepositions
to, for, and, in
conjunctions
FANBOYS
for, and, nor, but, or, yet,
auxiliary verbs
have, has
can, could, might, should, shall, will
pronouns
I, you, we, they, she, he, it
articles
a, an, the
Content words
main verb
adjective
adverb
negative
interjection
Wh-words
noun
cancelation h, th
exp
him, her, his, have, has
an hour
n, s, z + h, th
h, th sounds can be dropped
consonant + vowel
expt
pick up some milk
for us at
the store
cancelation glottal t (rt/ nt/ tt )
vowel + rt/ nt/ tt + vowel
button, pattern, internation, sentimental, shorten, certain
[ə] Schwa
where
function words
a, and, of, the, or, him, can, to, you, do
unstress syllables in the word
economy, sofa
uaeoi -> schwa
conjuctions words
but, and, or
one syllable word
but, stuff, run
helping verbs
could, have, should, would
prepositions
at, to, from, about, for, of
pronouns
herself, us, them, him
9/ vowel + vowel
exp
/w/ for /ou/, /u/,
you are (yoware)
go in (gowin)
Go offf (gowoff)
know it
do it
too often
/y/ for /ai/ , /i/
see it (seeyit)
my office (myjoffice)
be in (bejin)
He ate (heyate)
be on (beyon)
we are
10/ reduction
