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Nigeria an NEE (Nigeria's economy and development (Impact of Economic…

- - - - Nigeria is the 5th largest contributor to UN peacekeeping missions around the world.
    - - Nigeria supplies 2.7 percent of the worlds oil - the 12th largest producer. Much of the economies growth has been based on oil revenues.
  - - - Nigeria has low levels of productivity and there are widespread issues over land ownership. It has a lack of infrastructure with poor roads and frequent power cuts.
    - - Nigeria is one of the fastest growing economies in Africa. In 2014 to had the highest GDP in the continent and. The third largest manufacturing sector. With a population of 182 million, it has the largest population of any African country.
- - - - Enviromental-The pollution of the Niger Delta by oil spills has devastated the lives of the local Ogeni people.Pests like the tsetse fly restrict commercial livestock farming.Parts of the far north are under threat from desertification.
      - Political-The need for a continuing stable government to encourage inward investment.
      - Social-Historical distrust remains between several tribal groups, like the Yoruba and lgbo. There is also the religious divide between the predominantly christian south and the Muslim north.Recent kidnappings by the militant group Boko Haram spread fear among Nigerians and potential investors.
- - - - Nigeria has about 5000 registered industrial plants and 10000 small scale illegal ones. This has lead to environmental problems.
        
        In Kano, Kaduna, and Lagos, many pollutants go into open drains and water channels.
        
        Chemical waste disposed of on nearby land, threatening the groundwater quality.
        
        Industrial chimneys emit poisonous gases that can cause respiratory and heart problems.
        
        75% of Nigerias have been destroyed through logging, agriculture, urban expansion, roads and industrial development.
      - Oil processing has created chemical by-products for the growth of chemical industries.
      - Thriving industrial sector attracts foreign investment.
    - - Tin mining led to soil erosion. Local water supplies were also polluted with toxic chemicals..
      - Oil spills have disastrous effects in freshwater and marine ecosystems.
      - Economic development causes violent conflicts with local people.
    - - As Nigeria has developed, urban areas have grown rapidly, bringing many challenges.
        
        Squatter settlements in most cities
        
        Services failed to keep up with the pace
        
        waste disposal has become a major issue
        
        Traffic congestion
  - - - Oil processing has created chemical by-products for the growth of chemical industries
- - - - Giving 91% of shell contracts to Nigerian companies
      - Supporting the growth of Nigeria's energy sector
      - Providing direct employment fro 65,000 Nigerian workers and further 250,000 jobs in related industries
      - Making major contributions in taxes and export revenue
      - Invests in country to improve infrastructure to help break the cycle of poverty and creates the multiplier effect
      - SPDC provides support in: Healthcare, education, and water and electricity
    - - Oil spills have caused water pollution and soil degradation, reducing agricultural production and fishing yields
      - Frequent oil flares send toxic fumes into the air
      - Militant groups disrupt oil supply in the delta
      - Oil theft and sabotage are big problems in the region, reducing production levels and costing TNCs and the government billions of dollars every year
  - - - Working conditions are sometimes very poor
      - Management employees brought in by the TNC
      - Local workers sometimes poorly paid
      - Much of the profit generated goes abroad
      - Grants and subsidies used to attract TNCs could have been used to invest in Nigeria's industry
    - - More money is spent in the economy
      - Investment by companies in local infrastructure and education
      - Companies provide employment and the development of new skills
      - Other local companies benefit from increase orders
      - Valuable export revenues are earned
- - - - There are two types of Aid
        
        Emergency Aid:this usually comes after a natural disaster war or conflict.Aid can be taken in forms of food,water,medical supplies and shelter.
        
        Development Aid :this is long term support given by charities, governments of multi- lateral organisations.It aims to improve quality of life by providing safe water, education or improvements to infrastructure such as roads and electricity supplies.
  - - - The USAID-funded Community care in Nigeria project provides support packages for orphans and vulnerable children.
      - The NGOs Net for life provides education on malaria prevention and distributes anti-mosquito nets to many households.
      - In 2004 the World Bank approved a US$500 million to fund development projects and provide long-term loans to businesses.This helps reduce the over-dependence on oil exports
      - The UK Departments for International Development has funded a health and HIV programme providing health education in rural areas.
      - aid from the USA helps to educate and protect against the spread of Malaria AIDS and HIV, Nigeria's biggest killers.