Nigeria - an NEE
Impact of Aid
Importance of Nigeria
The impact of
Trans National
CompaniesTNCs
Nigeria's economy and development p222-225
In Africa
Economy
2014 - 21st largest economy, highest GDP in Africa and 3rd largest manufacturing sector
Supplies 2.7% of world's oil -
Important role in UN Peacekeeping forces
Problems
70% employed in agriculture mainly subsistence
Yet highest farm output in Africa BUT land ownership arguments Corruption
Poor infrastructure - roads & power supplies
Globally
Political links
Gained independence from the UK in 1960 & now belongs to the Commonwealth, the UN, OPEC, the African Union (peacekeeping and economic planning group) + trading groups ECOWAS & CEN-SAD
Unilever - what does it make & what is its impact? p226
Shell - what are it operations and impacts p227?
What Aid & where from? p228
Impact of Aid - p228-9
Aduwan Health Centre p229
Changing Quality of life
Improvements p 232-3
Problems - p232-3
Oil
Oil can cause a very large increase in the tertiary jobs as the oil will be sold to other countries which will then be taxed and will contribute highly to the taxes. Also, the oil industry will give lots of job opportunities.
Manufacturing industry
Agriculture
People will stop farming for themselves and instead will sell their goods for money and then buy their food which will add more money to the economy and will also contribute to the country tax's.
Services
Services will be more invested in from the government from all the newly arriving taxes from the new jobs and the better-paid workers which they can spend and increase the taxes. This will affect transport, health care and emergency services as well that will be paid by the taxes
Employment structure
Due to the development, the employment structure goes more toward secondary and tertiary jobs and will lead to less primary jobs needed therefore there will be less deforestation
Impact of economic development p 230- 231
Mining and Oil industry
Urban growth
Industrial growth
Unilever is an Anglo - Dutch TNC, produces food, drinks, and home items. Unilever employs over 1500 people in Nigeria and started work there in 1923. Unilever aims to develop brands in Nigeria and improve its economy and the people's quality of life. The company claims to use reasonably sourced palm oil. It promotes Health care, education, and water supply as part of its social responsibility program.
Shell is one of the world's largest oil companies. Its operations since 1958 have been controversial. Shell operates on the Niger Delta, and it is one of the most difficult places to extract oil from. Shell brings major contributions to taxes and export revenue, providing direct employment for 65000 Nigerian workers and a further 250000 jobs in related industry, 91% of shell contracts given to Nigerian local companies, supports Nigeria's growth in power and energy. Have caused issues as oil spills damage the environment around them, oil flares release toxic gasses into the air, and oil theft are large problems caused by organised gangs
Aid is defined as "assisting people", This can be from charities, individuals, Non-government organisations (NGOs), governments and international organisations. 2 types of aid - Emergency aid, i.e emergency water supply or food. Development aid - long term support from charities - aims to improve quality of life
Many benefits to people in poverty, most successful are community projects. Supported by small charities and NGOs. more direct and delivered where they are needed. No money is wasted. Get nets to protect from mosquitos and therefore malaria. USAID-funded community care in Nigeria - this gives care packages to orphans and vulnerable children.
Aduwan community, in the Kaduna state, Northern Nigeria, did not have a health clinic, the health care workers in the area used the one or in the community as a health care centre. They received funding from the world bank for a new health clinic built in 2010.
The new clinic: Trains women the importance of immunising their children to polio and other deadly diseases. It tests for Hiv and other infections. Immunises children
Reliable, better-paid jobs in manufacturing industries or services.
Higher disposable income to spend on schooling, home improvements, food, clothes, and recreation.
Better access to safe water and sanitation. Improvements to infrastructure such as roads. Improved access to a better diet means higher productivity at work and in school. More reliable electricity supply, providing heat and lighting. Better health care with more doctors
Many Nigerians are still poor and do not have access to safe water or electricity. The gap between the rich and the poor has increased as the oil development and investment has not been used effectively. corruption in Nigeria has been a main factor in the oil wealth not bein used to its fullest. Nigeria relies on the oil profits, in the future, the demand could drop dramatic so oil could be Nigeria's demise