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COMPLEX PERCEPTUAL DISORDERS Three categories: visuo-spatial disorders,…
COMPLEX PERCEPTUAL DISORDERS Three categories: visuo-spatial disorders, body scheme disorders and apraxias
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APRXIA
IDEATIONAL
Inability to formulate a plan of action due to the loss of mental representation of what is to be done (have no idea)
Lesion site - prefrontal & premotor cortex, L) inferior parietal lobe & corpus callosum
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IDEOMOTOR
What: Inability to carry out an action on command- although understands what is to be done e.g. perseveration (implementation)
Lesion site - premotor frontal cortex (both sides), L) inferior parietal, corpus callosum, basal ganglia & thalamus
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Includes limb, gait, oral & buccofacial (whistling/blowing)
Apraxia (dyspraxia): inability to perform certain learned and skilled purposeful movements in the absence of loss of motor power, sensation or co-ordination & not due to language comprehension
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CONSTRUCTIONAL
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Functional examples of constructional tasks include: setting table, stacking dishwater and assembling objects.
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BODY SCHEME DISORDERS
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UNILATERAL NEGLECT
Often seen after damage to right hemisphere but can occur in either right or left hemispheres (contralesional)
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Appears to not perceive or to ignore auditory, visual, or tactile stimuli from opposite side of space even though sensory systems are intact
Apparent in many daily living tasks e.g. eating, dressing, reading, drawing
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SENSORY INATTENTION
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May attempt to dress affected limb e.g. attempt to thread into shirt then not adjust sleeve appropriately
DIFFICULTY WITH:
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Copy diagrams, construct from a model, lay items out correctly
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Find items in a drawer, in a room
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Orienting clothing, matching up buttons, left/right, inside out; tie shoe laces