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Bone (Functions (Structural support, Protect organs, Movement, Stores Ca…
Bone
Functions
Structural support
Protect organs
Movement
Stores Ca and P
Produce blood cells
Stores energy in adipose tisuse
Cells
Osteoprogenitor
Stem cells
Osteoclast
Cleaver
Multinucleated
Osteoblast
Builder
Osteocyte
Mature
Composition
Cells
Fibres (collagen)
Dense matrix
Contains calcium phosphate deposits
Calcium phosphate and calcium hydroxide react to form calcium hydroxyapatite
Structure
Diaphysis
Compact bone
Contains marrow cavity
Epiphysis
Spongy bone
Articulate with other bones
Metaphysis
Compact bone
Protection and support
Osteocytes arranged in concentric lamellae around a central canal containing blood vessels
Primary unit
- Osteon/Haversian system
Spongy bone
Lighweight
Tissue support
Matrix forms an open network of trabeculae
Avascular
Effects of exercise
Mineral recycling
Adapt to stress
Heavy stress
Thicker and stronger
Degenerate more quickly
Ossification
Endochondral
Long bones
Intramembranous
Flat bones
Classification
Shape
Long
Arms
Legs
Fingers
Toes
Flat
Skull
Sternum
Ribs
Scapula
Sutural
Between flat bones of skull
Irregular
Spine
Pelvis
Short
Ankle
Wrist
Sesamoid
Knees
Hands
Feet
Bone markings
Depression (fossa)
Projections
Where tendons and ligaments attach at articulation with other bones
Tunnels (foramen)
Where blood and nerves enter bone