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COGNITION Acquiring, processing, retrieving and applying information in…
COGNITION Acquiring, processing, retrieving and applying information in everyday life and occupations
COGNITION INFLUENCES
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The acquisition of new skills and the capacity to perform skills after the onset of disability or in the presence of a progressive condition
Selection, analysis and learning of everyday activities
COGNITION HIERARCHY
Primary cognitive capacities: orientation, attention and memory.
Higher level thinking abilities: Reasoning, concept formation and problem solving
Meta processing: Executive functioning (planning, cognitive flexibility, abstract thinking, rule acquisition, initiating appropriate actions and inhibiting inappropriate actions, and selecting relevant sensory information) and self-awareness/insight
ALERTNESS
AROUSAL
Capacity to maintain a state of wakefulness in which the person is ready and able to respond to events in the environment which therefore depends on adequate arousal level
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GLASCOW COMA SCALE A neurologic scale that gives reliable objective way of recording the conscious state of a person
RANCHOS LOS AMIGOS SCALE Assess the level of recovery of brain injury patients and those recovering from coma. Scale is from 1 to 10.
ORIENTATION
Refers to the awareness of self in relation to person, place, time and circumstance
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WESTMEAD PTA SCALE
Important for : patient care, rehabilitation, neuropsychological testing and index of severity.
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ATTENTION
The deployment of mental resources for concentration- each person thought to have a limited capacity for consciously attending to information.
ANATOMY
Right hemisphere damage results in: Unilateral spatial inattention deficits, decreased alertness and arousal and decreased sustained attention. Right prefrontal cortex particularly important in mediating attention
Flow of information in the frontal and parietal cortex in addition to temporal lobe, cerebellum, thalamus and structures in the brainstem
THREE CONTROL SYSTEMS
Orienting system: Involved in the selection of relevant sensory information- generates perceptual awareness
Executive system: Exercises control over lower level cognitive functions. Breakdowns result in difficulty managing tasks requiring divided attention, screening out interfering stimuli and responding to novelty
Alerting or sustained attention system: Responsible for achieving and maintaining sensitivity to incoming stimuli and impairments result in short attention spans
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